ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Writing a popular textbook is both a challenge and an We are grateful to our colleagues throughout the world honor.Our goal is to convey to our students our enthu- who patiently answered our questions and shared their insigbsiatoecentdcdloements、 hey are espe ion ers fo ly thar ned Their mments oediately detect vagu ss and am We als thank our colleagues who supp editions.These reviewers are: ed,and simply bore with us during this arduous task. y of Arkansas,Fayetteville niversity,Long Beach &U Hat Young-Hoon An Cassidy dobson Diane hawley Wayne State University St.Cloud State University University of Oregon Richard Amasino Donald Doyle Blake Hill University of Wisconsin Georgia Institute of Technology Medical College of Wisconsin do State University nt Feske Kathr Suffolk iniuersity Armstrong Atlantic University Malone University Steven berr Patricia flatt Cristi lunnes University of Minnesota,Duluth Western Oregon University Rocky Mountain College Loren Bertocci Wilson Francisco Lori Isom Marian University Arizona State University University of Central Arkansas Gerald Frenkel Nitin Jain University y o Nevada,Las Vegas tian Unite ersity Mark Bra Glenda Gilla Xavier University of Louisiana David Bro s Gober Florida Gulf Coast University hHaanbnan Donald Burden Christina Goode Todd lohnson Middle Tennessee State University California State University.Fullerton Weber State University Nicholas Burgis Nina Goodey David Josephy Montclair State University Michael Kxiii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Paul Adams University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Kevin Ahern Oregon State University Zulfiqar Ahmad A.T. Still University of Health Sciences Young-Hoon An Wayne State University Richard Amasino University of Wisconsin Kenneth Balazovich University of Michigan Donald Beitz Iowa State University Matthew Berezuk Azusa Pacific University Melanie Berkmen Suffolk University Steven Berry University of Minnesota, Duluth Loren Bertocci Marian University Mrinal Bhattacharjee Long Island University Elizabeth Blinstrup-Good University of Illinois Brian Bothner Montana State University Mark Braiman Syracuse University David Brown Florida Gulf Coast University Donald Burden Middle Tennessee State University Nicholas Burgis Eastern Washington University W. Malcom Byrnes Howard University College of Medicine Graham Carpenter Vanderbilt University School of Medicine John Cogan The Ohio State University Jeffrey Cohlberg California State University, Long Beach David Daleke Indiana University John DeBanzie Northeastern State University Cassidy Dobson St. Cloud State University Donald Doyle Georgia Institute of Technology Ludeman Eng Virginia Tech Caryn Evilia Idaho State University Kirsten Fertuck Northeastern University Brent Feske Armstrong Atlantic University Patricia Flatt Western Oregon University Wilson Francisco Arizona State University Gerald Frenkel Rutgers University Ronald Gary University of Nevada, Las Vegas Eric R. Gauthier Laurentian University Glenda Gillaspy Virginia Tech James Gober UCLA Christina Goode California State University, Fullerton Nina Goodey Montclair State University Eugene Grgory Virginia Tech Robert Grier Atlanta Metropolitan State College Neena Grover Colorado College Paul Hager East Carolina University Ann Hagerman Miami University Mary Hatcher-Skeers Scripps College Diane Hawley University of Oregon Blake Hill Medical College of Wisconsin Pui Ho Colorado State University Charles Hoogstraten Michigan State University Frans Huijing University of Miami Kathryn Huisinga Malone University Cristi Junnes Rocky Mountain College Lori Isom University of Central Arkansas Nitin Jain University of Tennessee Blythe Janowiak Saint Louis University Gerwald Jogl Brown University Kelly Johanson Xavier University of Louisiana Jerry Johnson University of Houston-Downtown Todd Johnson Weber State University David Josephy University of Guelph Michael Kalafatis Cleveland State University Marina Kazakevich University of Massachusetts-Dartmouth Jong Kim Alabama A&M University Writing a popular textbook is both a challenge and an honor. Our goal is to convey to our students our enthu￾siasm and understanding of a discipline to which we are devoted. They are our inspiration. Consequently, not a word was written or an illustration constructed with￾out the knowledge that bright, engaged students would immediately detect vagueness and ambiguity. We also thank our colleagues who supported, advised, instruct￾ed, and simply bore with us during this arduous task. We are grateful to our colleagues throughout the world who patiently answered our questions and shared their insights into recent developments. We also especially thank those who served as review￾ers for this new edition. Their thoughtful comments, suggestions, and encouragement have been of immense help to us in maintaining the excellence of the preceding editions. These reviewers are: