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第12期 张勇军等:带有负载观测的异步电动机广义预测控制 ·1463· 直接转矩预测控制.清华大学学报:自然科学版,2008,48 4结论 (1):1) (1)从传动系统运动方程出发建立的受控自回 [6]Song C H,Hu D,Ke J.Research on fuzzy prediction control technique for induction motor.J Syst Simul,2008,20(6):1639 归积分滑动平均模型作为广义预测控制器的参数估 (宋春华,胡丹,柯坚.感应电机模糊预测控制策路的研究 计模型.由于模型中积分作用的存在,负载扰动引 系统仿真学报,2008,20(6):1639) 起的偏差可以确保收敛到零. ] Abad G,Rodriguez M A,Poza J.Two-evel VSC based predictive (2)通过对所设计的负载转矩观测器进行仿真 direct torque control of doubly fed induction machine with reduced 研究,发现观测器中增益矩阵的选取对观测效果影 torque and flux ripples at low constant switching frequeney.IEEE Trans Power Electron,2008,23(3):1050 响较大,特别是对阶跃转矩的观测,需要通过离线仿 [8]Miranda H,Cortes P,Yuz J I,et al.Predictive torque control of 真研究确定该增益矩阵的合理取值范围. induction machines based on state space models.IEEE Trans Ind (3)广义预测控制算法中控制时域和加权系数 Electron,2009,56(6):1916 对速度控制的跟踪能力和稳定性有直接关系,加权 Geyer T.Papafotiou G,Morari M.Model predictive direct torque 系数决定了控制作用的幅度,控制时域代表了可以 control:Part I.Concept,algorithm and analysis.IEEE Trans Ind Electron,2009,56(6):1894 影响预测电磁转矩的控制增量步数,需同时兼顾系 [10]Papafotiou G,Kley J.Papdopoulos KG,et al.Model predictive 统的控制性能与实时性要求. direct torque control:Part II.Implementation and experimental (4)采用广义预测控制算法对直接转矩控制系 evaluation.IEEE Trans Ind Electron,2009,56(6):1906 统中的电磁转矩动态设定进行求解,通过选择合理 11] Chen W H.Predictive control of general nonlinear systems using 控制参数,可以改善比例积分控制中对负载突变等 approximation.IEEE Proc Control Theory Appl,2004,151(2): 137 引起的扰动调节不灵敏的特点,增强调速系统的跟 [12]Zhang J,Xie R H,Ji B Y.Robust model predictive control for 随性和抗干扰能力. time-delay systems with input constraints.Electr Mach Control, 2004,8(4):362 参考文献 (张军,谢荣华,计秉玉.输入受限时滞系统的鲁棒模型预 测控制.电机与控制学报,2004,8(4):362) Ortega R,Barabanov N,Valderrama G E.Direct torque control of [13]Chen W H,Balance D J,Gawthrop PJ,et al.A nonlinear dis- induction motors:stability analysis and performance improvement turbance observer for robotics manipulators.IEEE Trans Ind IEEE Trans Autom Control,2001,46(8):1209 Electron,2000,47(4):932 2]Zhang A L,Zhang Y.Direct torque control for brushless doubly- [14]Clarke D W,Mohtadi C,Tuffs P S.Generalized predictive con- fed machine based on torque predict control strategy.Electr Mach trol:Part I.The basic algorithm.Automatica,1987,23 (2): Control,2007,11(4):326 137 (张爱玲,张洋.基于转矩预测控制的无刷双馈电机直接转矩 [15]Clarke D W,Mohtadi C,Tuffs P S.Generalized predictive con- 控制系统.电机与控制学报,2007,11(4):327) trol:Part Il.Extensions and interpretations.Automatica,1987, B3]Chen W H.Balance DJ,Gawthrop P J.Optimal control of non- 23(2):149 linear systems:a predictive control approach.Automatica,2003. [16]Yanou A,Masuda S,Inoue A.Two degree-of-freedom of gener- 39(4):633 alized predictive control for m-input mutput systems based on 4]Chen Z W,Wang H R.Nonlinear fuzzy adaptive direct generalized state space approach /Annual Conference of the Society of Instru- predictive control.Electr Mach Control,2007,11(1):55 ment and Control Engineers (SICE).Sapporo,2004,3:2680 (陈志旺,王洪瑞。非线性模糊自适应直接广义预测控制.电 07] Hu H,Li Y D.A predictive direet torque conto strategies of in 机与控制学报,2007,11(1):55) duction motor based on area voltage vector table.Trans China [5]Zhang M,Xiao X,Li Y D.Predictive direct torque control of PM Electrotech Soc,2004,19(2):25 synchronous motors based on an area voltage vector table.I Tsing- (胡虎,李永东.基于区域电压矢量表的交流异步电动机直 hua Unir Sci Technol,2008,48(1):1 接转矩预测控制策略研究.电工技术学报,2004,19(2): (张猛,肖曦,李永东.基于区域电压矢量表的永磁同步电机 25)第 12 期 张勇军等: 带有负载观测的异步电动机广义预测控制 4 结论 ( 1) 从传动系统运动方程出发建立的受控自回 归积分滑动平均模型作为广义预测控制器的参数估 计模型. 由于模型中积分作用的存在,负载扰动引 起的偏差可以确保收敛到零. ( 2) 通过对所设计的负载转矩观测器进行仿真 研究,发现观测器中增益矩阵的选取对观测效果影 响较大,特别是对阶跃转矩的观测,需要通过离线仿 真研究确定该增益矩阵的合理取值范围. ( 3) 广义预测控制算法中控制时域和加权系数 对速度控制的跟踪能力和稳定性有直接关系,加权 系数决定了控制作用的幅度,控制时域代表了可以 影响预测电磁转矩的控制增量步数,需同时兼顾系 统的控制性能与实时性要求. ( 4) 采用广义预测控制算法对直接转矩控制系 统中的电磁转矩动态设定进行求解,通过选择合理 控制参数,可以改善比例积分控制中对负载突变等 引起的扰动调节不灵敏的特点,增强调速系统的跟 随性和抗干扰能力. 参 考 文 献 [1] Ortega R,Barabanov N,Valderrama G E. Direct torque control of induction motors: stability analysis and performance improvement. IEEE Trans Autom Control,2001,46( 8) : 1209 [2] Zhang A L,Zhang Y. Direct torque control for brushless doubly￾fed machine based on torque predict control strategy. Electr Mach Control,2007,11( 4) : 326 ( 张爱玲,张洋. 基于转矩预测控制的无刷双馈电机直接转矩 控制系统. 电机与控制学报,2007,11( 4) : 327) [3] Chen W H,Balance D J,Gawthrop P J. Optimal control of non￾linear systems: a predictive control approach. Automatica,2003, 39( 4) : 633 [4] Chen Z W,Wang H R. Nonlinear fuzzy adaptive direct generalized predictive control. Electr Mach Control,2007,11( 1) : 55 ( 陈志旺,王洪瑞. 非线性模糊自适应直接广义预测控制. 电 机与控制学报,2007,11( 1) : 55) [5] Zhang M,Xiao X,Li Y D. Predictive direct torque control of PM synchronous motors based on an area voltage vector table. J Tsing￾hua Univ Sci Technol,2008,48( 1) : 1 ( 张猛,肖曦,李永东. 基于区域电压矢量表的永磁同步电机 直接转矩预测控制. 清华大学学报: 自然科学版,2008,48 ( 1) : 1) [6] Song C H,Hu D,Ke J . Research on fuzzy prediction control technique for induction motor. J Syst Simul,2008,20( 6) : 1639 ( 宋春华,胡丹,柯坚. 感应电机模糊预测控制策略的研究. 系统仿真学报,2008,20( 6) : 1639) [7] Abad G,Rodriguez M ,Poza J. Two-level VSC based predictive direct torque control of doubly fed induction machine with reduced torque and flux ripples at low constant switching frequency. IEEE Trans Power Electron,2008,23( 3) : 1050 [8] Miranda H,Cortés P,Yuz J I,et al. Predictive torque control of induction machines based on state space models. IEEE Trans Ind Electron,2009,56( 6) : 1916 [9] Geyer T,Papafotiou G,Morari M. Model predictive direct torque control: Part I. Concept,algorithm and analysis. IEEE Trans Ind Electron,2009,56( 6) : 1894 [10] Papafotiou G,Kley J,Papdopoulos K G,et al. Model predictive direct torque control: Part II. Implementation and experimental evaluation. IEEE Trans Ind Electron,2009,56( 6) : 1906 [11] Chen W H. Predictive control of general nonlinear systems using approximation. IEEE Proc Control Theory Appl,2004,151( 2) : 137 [12] Zhang J,Xie R H,Ji B Y. Robust model predictive control for time-delay systems with input constraints. Electr Mach Control, 2004,8( 4) : 362 ( 张军,谢荣华,计秉玉. 输入受限时滞系统的鲁棒模型预 测控制. 电机与控制学报,2004,8( 4) : 362) [13] Chen W H,Balance D J,Gawthrop P J,et al. A nonlinear dis￾turbance observer for robotics manipulators. IEEE Trans Ind Electron,2000,47( 4) : 932 [14] Clarke D W,Mohtadi C,Tuffs P S. Generalized predictive con￾trol: Part I. The basic algorithm. Automatica,1987,23 ( 2 ) : 137 [15] Clarke D W,Mohtadi C,Tuffs P S. Generalized predictive con￾trol: Part II. Extensions and interpretations. Automatica,1987, 23( 2) : 149 [16] Yanou A,Masuda S,Inoue A. Two degree-of-freedom of gener￾alized predictive control for m-input m-output systems based on state space approach / / Annual Conference of the Society of Instru￾ment and Control Engineers ( SICE) . Sapporo,2004,3: 2680 [17] Hu H,Li Y D. A predictive direct torque control strategies of in￾duction motor based on area voltage vector table. Trans China Electrotech Soc,2004,19( 2) : 25 ( 胡虎,李永东. 基于区域电压矢量表的交流异步电动机直 接转矩预测控制策略研究. 电工技术学报,2004,19 ( 2) : 25) ·1463·
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