上游充通大￥ SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY 10.2 Microstates and Macrostates ·宏观态 体系的状态由几个状态参数如温度、体积和内能来描述。 An isolated system at equilibrium at a given volume. ·微观态 需表征体系中所有粒子的状态，如所有分子的能量和速度。 Specify the position and velocity of all of the molecules in the system Macrostates:Characterized by a few state variables,such as T,P,internal energy Microstates:Characterize the state of all the particles in the system10.2 Microstates and Macrostates Macrostates: Characterized by a few state variables, such as T, P, internal energy Microstates: Characterize the state of all the particles in the system