The kidneys play an essential role in maintaining electrolyte and acid-base balance They produce some hormones including renin prostaglandins, erythropoietin, and active vitamin D So, they are crucial in the regulation of blood pressure, formation of matured red blood cells, and metabolism of calcium and phosphorus• The kidneys play an essential role in maintaining electrolyte and acid-base balance. • They produce some hormones including renin, prostaglandins, erythropoietin, and active vitamin D. • So, they are crucial in the regulation of blood pressure, formation of matured red blood cells, and metabolism of calcium and phosphorus