6网 遗传学报 27卷 Study of Genetic Models of Maize Kernel Traits ZHANG Hong-Wei (Beging Municipal Academy f Agriculural and Foresmy Science,Beijing9 China) KONG Fan-Ling (Deparment of Plant Genetics and Breeding,China Agriculnral University,Beijing94 China) Abstract:Two sets of NCII mating design including 21 different maize inbreds were used to study the genetic models of five maize kemel traits-kemel length,width. ratio of kemel length and width,kemel thickness and weight per 100 kemels.Ten generations including P,P.F,F B,B,and their reciprocal crosses RF,RF,RB. RB,were obtained.Three years'data were obtained and analyzed using mainly two methods:(1)precision identification for single cross and (2)mixed liner model MINQUE approach for diallel design.Method 1 showed that kemel traits were primarily controlled by matemal dominance,endosperm additive and dominance effect (materal dominance>endosperm additive>endosperm dominance).Cytoplasmic effect was detected in one of the two crosses studied.Method 2 revealed that in the total variance of kemel traits,matemal genotypic effect contributed more than 60%. endosperm genotypic effect contributed less than 40%.Cytoplasmic effect only existed in kemel length and 100 kemel weight,with the range of 10%to 30%.The results indicated that kernel genetic performance was quite largely controlled by matemal genotypic effect. Key words:maize;endosperm traits;genetic model;maternal effect;cytoplasmic effect Received Augusi 14,1998,revision received May 25.1999 遗 传 学 报 27卷 Study of Genetic Models of Maize Kernel Traits ZHANG Hong—Wei @日mg Municipal Academy of agriculmral and Forestry Science．BeJying 100089。chtH曲 KONG Fan-Ling (Department矿mnf Genetia*and Breeding，China如ricultural Universig：，Beijing 100094，China) Abstract：Two sets of NCII mating design including 21 different maize inbreds were used to study the genetic models of five maize kernel tmits——kemel length,width． ratio of kernel length and width，kernel thickness and weight per 100 kemels．Ten generations including P1，P，，Fi，F1，BL，B2 and their reciprocal crosses R一，RF2，RBl， RB，were obtained Three years’data were obtained and analyzed using mainly two methods：(1)precision identification for single cross and(2)mixed liner model MrNQUE approach for diallel design． Method 1 showed that kernel traits were primarily controlled by maternal dominance， endosperm additive and dominance effect rmaternal dominance>endosperm additive>endosperm dominance)．Cytoplasmic effect was detected in one of the two crosses studied Method 2 l'evealed tllat i11山e total variance of kernel traits，maternal geno州c effect contributed more than 60％， endosperm geno粤Nc effect contributed less than 40％．Cytoplasmic effect only existed in kernel length and 100 kernel weight,with the range of 1 0％to 30％The results indicated that kernel genetic performance was qwte largely controlled by maternal genotypic effect． Key words：maize；endosperm traits；genetic model；maternal effect；cytoplasmic effect Received万方数据 Augtmt 14．1998，revision received Ma)25，1999