Problems Materials Pulverization Due to the large volume expansion,induces large stress,which can cause cracking and pulverization of Si,leading to loss of electrical contact and capacity fading. Unstable Solid Electrolyte Interphase The anode surface will be covered by an SEI film,the reductive decomposition of the organic electrolyte,it's electronically insulating but ionically conducting. Initial Coulombic Efficiency In the first cycle,active Li+is consumed due to the SEI film formation, resulting in irreversible capacity and extra cathode electrode consumption 88 Problems • Materials Pulverization Due to the large volume expansion, induces large stress, which can cause cracking and pulverization of Si, leading to loss of electrical contact and capacity fading. • Unstable Solid Electrolyte Interphase The anode surface will be covered by an SEI film, the reductive decomposition of the organic electrolyte, it’s electronically insulating but ionically conducting. • Initial Coulombic Efficiency In the first cycle, active Li+ is consumed due to the SEI film formation, resulting in irreversible capacity and extra cathode electrode consumption