EDITORS’NOTE This is a revised edition of the lst volume of the International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers, which also includes Volume 2, 72 entries new to this edition. Each entry contains production information, lists of crew and cast, a selected bibliography of works about the film, and a critical essay written by a specialist in the field. Most of the entries from the previous edition have been retained ere, and all have been thoroughly updated. Since film is primarily a visual medium, the majority of entries are illustrated with a still The selection of entries is once again based on the recommendations of the advisory board. It was not thought necessary to propose strict criteria for selection: the book is intended to represent the wide range of interests within North American, British, and West uropean film scholarship and criticism. The variety in both the entries and the critical stances of the writers emphasizes the diversity within the field of cinematic studies Thanks are due to the following: Nicolet V. Elert and Michael J. Tyrkus at St James Press, for their efforts in preparing this collection for publication; Michael Najjar, for his tireless efforts in researching the entries: our advisers, for their wisdom and broad knowledge of international cinema; and our contributors, for their gracious participation. We have necessarily built upon the work of the editors who have preceded us, and we thank them for the strong foundation they created A Note on the entries Non-English language film titles are given in the original language or a transliteration of it, unless they are better known internationally by their English title. The country or countries where the film originated is provided along with the year it was registered and the director. The section on production information can include such details as production company, film stock, format, running time, sound type, length, date and location of release, dates and location of filming, and cost. The list of crew members identifies the major participants in the making of the film, but is not exhaustive. Similarly, the list of cast members indicates the major players in the im, but may not account for all minor roles. Finally, the awards section lists major awards garnered by the film, its creators, and its leading actors.vii EDITORS’ NOTE This is a revised edition of the 1st volume of the International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers, which also includes Volume 2, Directors, Volume 3, Actors and Actresses, and Volume 4, Writers and Production Artists. The book contains 683 entries, including 72 entries new to this edition. Each entry contains production information, lists of crew and cast, a selected bibliography of works about the film, and a critical essay written by a specialist in the field. Most of the entries from the previous edition have been retained here, and all have been thoroughly updated. Since film is primarily a visual medium, the majority of entries are illustrated with a still. The selection of entries is once again based on the recommendations of the advisory board. It was not thought necessary to propose strict criteria for selection: the book is intended to represent the wide range of interests within North American, British, and West European film scholarship and criticism. The variety in both the entries and the critical stances of the writers emphasizes the diversity within the field of cinematic studies. Thanks are due to the following: Nicolet V. Elert and Michael J. Tyrkus at St. James Press, for their efforts in preparing this collection for publication; Michael Najjar, for his tireless efforts in researching the entries; our advisers, for their wisdom and broad knowledge of international cinema; and our contributors, for their gracious participation. We have necessarily built upon the work of the editors who have preceded us, and we thank them for the strong foundation they created. A Note on the Entries Non-English language film titles are given in the original language or a transliteration of it, unless they are better known internationally by their English title. The country or countries where the film originated is provided along with the year it was registered and the director. The section on production information can include such details as production company, film stock, format, running time, sound type, length, date and location of release, dates and location of filming, and cost. The list of crew members identifies the major participants in the making of the film, but is not exhaustive. Similarly, the list of cast members indicates the major players in the film, but may not account for all minor roles. Finally, the awards section lists major awards garnered by the film, its creators, and its leading actors