Qualitative studies on "leftover women Ji(2015)Between Tradition and Modernity:"Leftover"Women in Shanghai -30 interviews;aged 26-40;college degree or above; 1/3 local Shanghaiese Results "Most of the women I interviewed shared their parents' expectation of marriage as an ultimate goal"(p.1065) ·Parental pressure Gender double standard of aging Forced Socioeconomic Hypergamy Traditional:"most of the women agreed that they would be willing to make sacrifices for the family in order to support their husband"(1068) Modern:conflict of gender ideology 上海通大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITYQualitative studies on ”leftover women” • Ji (2015) Between Tradition and Modernity: “Leftover” Women in Shanghai – 30 interviews; aged 26-40; college degree or above; 1/3 local Shanghaiese – Results • “Most of the women I interviewed shared their parents’ expectation of marriage as an ultimate goal” (p.1065) • Parental pressure • Gender double standard of aging • Forced Socioeconomic Hypergamy • Traditional: “most of the women agreed that they would be willing to make sacrifices for the family in order to support their husband” (1068) • Modern: conflict of gender ideology