18.2 Production Volumes 375 TABLE 18.1.Average price of plastics (virgin and recycled)in dollars per pound as of 8-4-03 when bought at volumes between 2 and 5×10 pounds Material $1b. PVC resin (pipe grade) 0.48 Recycled PVC(clean,regrind,or flaked) 0.29 Polystyrene (high impact) 0.71 PET(PETE)packaging resin(for bottles,etc.) 0.73 ABS (high impact,for telephones,suitcases,etc.) 1.27 High-density polyethylene(HDPE)(for milk bottles) 0.54 Recycled HDPE (pellets) 0.36 LDPE (low density polyethylene)for grocery bags,wrappings 0.65 PP(polypropylene)yogurt containers,medicine bottles 0.50 Recycled PET(PETE)(clear,post-consumer,pellets) 0.61 Source:Plastics News,August 2003 the consumption of concrete is almost one order of magnitude larger than that of cement due to the addition of gravel and sand.This raises the output figures for concrete above the lev- els of timber and steel.)Also interesting to observe is the steady increase of polymer production over the past 16 years.It should be noted that,on a volume basis,light-weight aluminum and Timber 100 Crude Steel Cement suo] Plastics 10 Kaolin Al Wood pulp FIGURE 18.2.U.S.annual produc- Flat glass tion figures on a weight basis for various materials from 1984 Synthetic rubber Cu until 2000.[Source:Industrial Cotton Commodities Statistics Yearbook (2002),United Nations and US 848688 90929496 982000 Census Bureau(Flatglass).] Yearthe consumption of concrete is almost one order of magnitude larger than that of cement due to the addition of gravel and sand. This raises the output figures for concrete above the lev￾els of timber and steel.) Also interesting to observe is the steady increase of polymer production over the past 16 years. It should be noted that, on a volume basis, light-weight aluminum and 18.2 • Production Volumes 375 TABLE 18.1. Average price of plastics (virgin and recycled) in dollars per pound as of 8-4-03 when bought at volumes between 2 and 5 106 pounds Material $/lb. PVC resin (pipe grade) 0.48 Recycled PVC (clean, regrind, or flaked) 0.29 Polystyrene (high impact) 0.71 PET (PETE) packaging resin (for bottles, etc.) 0.73 ABS (high impact, for telephones, suitcases, etc.) 1.27 High-density polyethylene (HDPE) (for milk bottles) 0.54 Recycled HDPE (pellets) 0.36 LDPE (low density polyethylene) for grocery bags, wrappings 0.65 PP (polypropylene) yogurt containers, medicine bottles 0.50 Recycled PET (PETE) (clear, post-consumer, pellets) 0.61 Source: Plastics News, August 2003 100 10 1 84 86 Year U.S. Production in million tons 88 90 92 94 96 98 2000 Timber Cement Crude Steel Plastics Kaolin Al Wood pulp Cu Cotton Synthetic rubber Flat glass FIGURE 18.2. U.S. annual produc￾tion figures on a weight basis for various materials from 1984 until 2000. [Source: Industrial Commodities Statistics Yearbook (2002), United Nations and US Census Bureau (Flatglass).]