第五章Nonelectrolytes 1.教学目标 Identify and describe the four colligative properties of nonelectrolytes in solution. Understand the various types of pharmaceutical solutions. Calculate molarity,normality,molality,mole fraction,and percentage expressions. Calculate equivalent weights. Define ideal and real solutions using Raoult's and Henry's laws. Calculate vapor pressure lowering,boiling point elevation,freezing point lowering,and pressure for solutions of nonelectrolytes. 2.教学重难点 The basic tools required to analyze and interpret data sets The differences between classic dosage forms and modern drug delivery systems 3.教学内容 Physical properties of substances and solutions Colligative properties,additive properties,constitutive properties,type of solutions Concentration expressions Molarity and normality,molality,mole fraction,percentage expressions,conversion equations for concentration terms Equivalent weights Ideal and real solutions escaping tendency,Raoult's law,real solutions,Henry's law,distillation of binary mixtures Colligative properties Lowering of the vapor pressure,elevation of the boiling point,depression of the freezing point,osmotic pressure,measureme nt of osmotic pressure,van't Hoff and Morse equations for osmotic pressure,thermodynamics of osmotic pressure and vapor pressure lowering Molecular weight determination Choice of colligative properties 4.教学方法第五章 Nonelectrolytes 1. 教学目标 • Identify and describe the four colligative properties of nonelectrolytes in solution. • Understand the various types of pharmaceutical solutions. • Calculate molarity, normality, molality, mole fraction, and percentage expressions. • Calculate equivalent weights. • Define ideal and real solutions using Raoult’s and Henry’s laws. • Calculate vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, freezing point lowering, and pressure for solutions of nonelectrolytes. 2. 教学重难点 • The basic tools required to analyze and interpret data sets • The differences between classic dosage forms and modern drug delivery systems 3. 教学内容 • Physical properties of substances and solutions Colligative properties, additive properties, constitutive properties, type of solutions • Concentration expressions Molarity and normality, molality, mole fraction, percentage expressions, conversion equations for concentration terms • Equivalent weights • Ideal and real solutions escaping tendency, Raoult’s law, real solutions, Henry’s law, distillation of binary mixtures • Colligative properties Lowering of the vapor pressure, elevation of the boiling point, depression of the freezing point, osmotic pressure, measureme nt of osmotic pressure, van’t Hoff and Morse equations for osmotic pressure, thermodynamics of osmotic pressure and vapor pressure lowering • Molecular weight determination Choice of colligative properties 4. 教学方法