Chapter I Introduction 10000BC5000BC01000150018001900 98019902000 Glassy Metals Steels ual Phase steels Control and 5t Microalloyed Steels Processing Super Alloys ZirconiumAlloys Pottery Ceramics glasses Suied cermets Ceramics Ceramics (a,e,. Psz etc 10000Bc5000BC010001500180019001940196019801990200020102020 DATE Chapter contents I I Introduction and synopsis 2 1. 2 Materials in design 2 1.3 The evolution of engineering materials 1. 4 Case study: the evolution of materials in vacuum cleaners 6 1.5 Summary and conclusions 1. 6 Further reading10000BC 0 1000 1500 1800 1900 1940 1960 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 5000BC 10000BC 0 1000 1500 1800 1900 1940 1960 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 5000BC Gold Copper Bronze Iron Cast Iron Cast Iron Wood Skins Fibres Glues Rubber Straw-Brick Straw-Brick Paper Bakerlite Bakerlite Stone FlintPottery Pottery Glass Cement Refractories Refractories Portland Portland Cement Fused Silica Pyro￾Ceramics Ceramics Steels Alloy Steels Light Alloys Super Alloys Super Alloys Titanium Titanium Zirconium Zirconium Alloys etc Nylon PE PMMA Acrylics Acrylics PC PS PP Cermets Cermets Epoxies Epoxies Polyesters Polyesters Tough Engineering Tough Engineering Ceramics ( Al Ceramics ( Al2O3, Si3N4, PSZ etc ) , PSZ etc ) GFRP CFRP Kelvar-FRP Kelvar-FRP Composites Composites Metal-Matrix Metal-Matrix Ceramic Composites Ceramic Composites High Modulus High Modulus Polymers Polymers High Temperature High Temperature Polymers Polymers Development Slow: Development Slow: Mostly Quality Mostly Quality Control and Control and Processing Processing Glassy Metals Glassy Metals Al-Lithium Alloys Al-Lithium Alloys Dual Phase Steels Dual Phase Steels Microalloyed Steels Microalloyed Steels New Super Alloys New Super Alloys Gold Copper Bronze Iron Cast Iron Wood Skins Fibres Glues Rubber Straw-Brick Paper Bakerlite Stone FlintPottery Glass Cement Refractories Portland Cement Fused Silica Pyro￾Ceramics Steels Alloy Steels Light Alloys Super Alloys Titanium Zirconium Alloys etc Nylon PE PMMA Acrylics PC PS PP Cermets Epoxies Polyesters Tough Engineering Ceramics ( Al2O3, Si3N4, PSZ etc ) GFRP CFRP Kelvar-FRP Composites Metal-Matrix Ceramic Composites High Modulus Polymers High Temperature Polymers Development Slow: Mostly Quality Control and Processing Glassy Metals Al-Lithium Alloys Dual Phase Steels Microalloyed Steels New Super Alloys DATE Relative importance Polymers & elastomers Polymers & elastomers Composites Composites Ceramics & glasses Ceramics & glasses Metals Metals Chapter contents 1.1 Introduction and synopsis 2 1.2 Materials in design 2 1.3 The evolution of engineering materials 4 1.4 Case study: the evolution of materials in vacuum cleaners 6 1.5 Summary and conclusions 8 1.6 Further reading 8 Chapter 1 Introduction