1/26/2016 Bacterial Meningitis toms of fever,headache,and Normal meninges Followed by nausea and vomiting May progress to convulsions and coma Death from shock and inflammation Due to endotoxin and cell wall release Three main bacterial species Meningitis Haemophilus influenza Neisseria meningitidis Streptococcus pneumoniae 50 other opportunistic bacterial species Listeria monocytogenes Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis Neisseria meningitidis Meningitis (Meningococcal Meningitis) Gram-negative aerobic cocci with a capsule Gram-negative aerobic bacteria -Six serotypes associated with the disease a。 Normal throat microbiota 4%f people are healthy nasopharyngeal Can enter the bloodstream carriers Pathogenicity due to capsule antigen type b Begins as a throat infection,rash,and bacteremia Occurs mostly in children(6 months to 4 yrs) Endotoxin leads to meningitis and death quickly Prevented by the Hib vaccine Mortality of 9-12%with antibiotic therapy:80% without Accounts for 45%of bacterial meningitis cases:6%mortality Outbreaks common in dorms and military barracks Vaccination protects against some serotypes 1/26/2016 3 Bacterial Meningitis • Initial symptoms of fever, headache, and a stiff neck • Followed by nausea and vomiting • May progress to convulsions and coma • Death from shock and inflammation – Due to endotoxin and cell wall release • Three main bacterial species Haemophilus influenza Neisseria meningitidis Streptococcus pneumoniae • 50 other opportunistic bacterial species Listeria monocytogenes Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis • Gram-negative aerobic bacteria • N l h i bi Normal throat microbiota • Can enter the bloodstream • Pathogenicity due to capsule antigen type b • Occurs mostly in children (6 months to 4 yrs) • Prevented by the Hib vaccine • Accounts for 45% of bacterial meningitis cases; 6% mortality Neisseria meningitidis Meningitis (Meningococcal Meningitis) • Gram-negative aerobic cocci with a capsule – Six serotypes associated with the disease • 40% of people are healthy nasopharyngeal carriers • Begins as a throat infection, rash, and bacteremia • Endotoxin leads to meningitis and death quickly • Mortality of 9–12% with antibiotic therapy; 80% without • Outbreaks common in dorms and military barracks • Vaccination protects against some serotypes