Contemporary Theories Of Motivation (cont. Expectancy Theory theory states that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual Epeciangy (effort-performance linkage)-perceived probability that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance Instrumentalliy (performance-reward linkage) strength of belief that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining an outcome llence-attractiveness or importance of the potential outcome ©Prentice Hall,2002 16-31Contemporary Theories Of Motivation (cont.) Expectancy Theory – theory states that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual • Expectancy (effort-performance linkage) - perceived probability that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to a certain level of performance • Instrumentality (performance-reward linkage) - strength of belief that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining an outcome • Valence - attractiveness or importance of the potential outcome © Prentice Hall, 2002 16-31