上海文夏大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY HALE UAV DESIGN 1.Introduction 1.1.Introduction of UAV What is a UAV?UAV is an abbreviation of unmanned aerial vehicle.UAV is an aircraft without a human pilot aboard.Its flight is controlled either autonomously by onboard computers or by the remote control of a pilot on the ground or in another vehicle. A UAV equipped with mating systems of controlling,communication,data link and other supportive equipment is called a UAS,which is short for unmanned aircraft system.So we can know a typical UAS consists of the following: unmanned aircraft(UA) control system,such as ground control station(GCS) control link,a specialized datalink other related support equipment 1.1.1.Brief history of UAV We all know that most modern technologies were developed during wars.UAV is not an exception.Its history is also the history of wars in twentieth century. The earliest attempt at a powered unmanned aerial vehicle was A.M.Low's "Aerial Target"of 1916.Later,in November 1917,the Automatic Airplane was flown for representatives of the US Army.This led the army commission a project to build an "aerial torpedo",resulting in the Kettering Bug which first flew in 1918. While the Bug's revolutionary technology was successful,it was not in time to fight in the war,which ended before it could be fully developed and deployed. Nazi Germany produced and used various UAV aircraft during the course of WWII.Jet engines were applied after World War II. In 1959 the U.S.Air Force,concerned about losing pilots over hostile territory, began planning for the use of unmanned aircraft. In 1973 the U.S.military officially confirmed that they had been using UAVs in Southeast Asia(Vietnam).Over 5,000 U.S.airmen had been killed and over 1,000 more were missing or captured. During the 1973 Yom Kippur War,Soviet-supplied surface-to-air missile batteries in Egypt and Syria caused heavy damage to Israeli fighter jets.As a result,Israel developed the first UAV with real-time surveillance.With the maturing and miniaturization of applicable technologies as seen in the 1980s -6-HALE UAV DESIGN - 6 - 1. Introduction 1.1. Introduction of UAV What is a UAV? UAV is an abbreviation of unmanned aerial vehicle. UAV is an aircraft without a human pilot aboard. Its flight is controlled either autonomously by onboard computers or by the remote control of a pilot on the ground or in another vehicle. A UAV equipped with mating systems of controlling, communication, data link and other supportive equipment is called a UAS, which is short for unmanned aircraft system. So we can know a typical UAS consists of the following:  unmanned aircraft (UA)  control system, such as ground control station (GCS)  control link, a specialized datalink  other related support equipment 1.1.1.Brief history of UAV We all know that most modern technologies were developed during wars. UAV is not an exception. Its history is also the history of wars in twentieth century. The earliest attempt at a powered unmanned aerial vehicle was A. M. Low's "Aerial Target" of 1916.Later, in November 1917, the Automatic Airplane was flown for representatives of the US Army. This led the army commission a project to build an "aerial torpedo", resulting in the Kettering Bug which first flew in 1918. While the Bug's revolutionary technology was successful, it was not in time to fight in the war, which ended before it could be fully developed and deployed. Nazi Germany produced and used various UAV aircraft during the course of WWII. Jet engines were applied after World War II. In 1959 the U.S. Air Force, concerned about losing pilots over hostile territory, began planning for the use of unmanned aircraft. In 1973 the U.S. military officially confirmed that they had been using UAVs in Southeast Asia (Vietnam). Over 5,000 U.S. airmen had been killed and over 1,000 more were missing or captured. During the 1973 Yom Kippur War, Soviet-supplied surface-to-air missile batteries in Egypt and Syria caused heavy damage to Israeli fighter jets. As a result, Israel developed the first UAV with real-time surveillance. With the maturing and miniaturization of applicable technologies as seen in the 1980s