Yano et al Page 20 (D)Colonic expression of TPHI relative to GAPDH. Data are normalized to expression levels in SPF mice. n=3 日于9 Data are presented as mean+ SEM."p<0.05, **p<0.01,***p<0.001, ****p<00001 n.s. =not statistically significant. SPF=specific pathogen-free(conventionally-colonized) GF=germ-free, Sp=spore-forming bacteria, PCPA=para-chlorophenylalanine. See also Figure S3 9 Cell. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 April 09(D) Colonic expression of TPH1 relative to GAPDH. Data are normalized to expression levels in SPF mice. n=3. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, n.s.=not statistically significant. SPF=specific pathogen-free (conventionally-colonized), GF=germ-free, Sp=spore-forming bacteria, PCPA=para-chlorophenylalanine. See also Figure S3. Yano et al. Page 20 Cell. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 April 09. Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript