13 Water Systems For Pharmaceutical facilities Mark Keyashian 1.0 INTRODUCTION Common, everyday water is a major consideration in a pharmacer tical plant. The final product or any of its intermediate materials can only be as contaminant-free as the water available at that stage. Water may be an ingredient or used principally to wash and rinse product contact components andequipment. Water is also used to humidify the air, to generate clean steam for sterilization, to cool or heat, as a solvent, for drinking and sanitary uses etc. To better control this critical media, the pharmaceutical industry has defined two additional types of water purified water and water for injection both of which are highly regulated. Special attention to a good understanding of the water systems in a pharmaceutical facility are essential 2.0 SCOPE This chapter is an overview of the water systems used in a pharmaceutical facility. It will help bring about a better understanding ofhe they are generated stored and distributed ar t equipment is involved Starting with raw water as it is sourced, this chapter will 590Water Systems For Pharmaceutical Facilities Mark Keyashian 1.0 INTRODUCTION Common, everyday water is a major consideration in a pharmaceu￾tical plant. The final product or any of its intermediate materials can only be as contaminant-free as the water available at that stage. Water may be an ingredient or used principally to wash and rinse product contact components and equipment. Water is also used to humidiethe air, to generate clean steam for sterilization, to cool or heat, as a solvent, for drinking and sanitary uses, etc. To better control this critical media, the pharmaceutical industry has defined two additional types of water: purijied water and water for injection, both of which are highly regulated. Special attention to a good understanding of the water systems in a pharmaceutical facility are essential. 2.0 SCOPE This chapter is an overview of the various water systems used in a pharmaceutical facility. It will help bring about a better understanding ofhow they are generated, stored and distributed and what equipment is involved. Starting with raw water as it is sourced, this chapter will: 590