生物疫苗 摘要：疫苗可分为减毒疫苗、灭活疫苗、亚基疫苗、遗传改良活疫苗、遗传改良 亚基疫苗、抗独特型疫苗、合成多肽类疫苗、核酸疫苗。免疫功能包括免疫防御、 免疫稳定与免疫监视三者。当机体处于正常状态时，它对机体有益；在异常状态 下，也可损害集体。传统疫苗有细菌培养、病毒培养、支原体培养、免疫血清 制备等基本技术。现代疫苗以基因工程方法修饰疫苗。新技术下有核酸疫苗问世。 关键词：疫苗、核酸疫苗、遗传改良 Abstract:Vaccine includes attenuated vaccine,inactivated vaccine,subunit vaccine, genetic improvement live vaccine,genetic improvement subunit vaccine,anti-idiotype vaccine,synthetic polypeptide vaccine,nucleic acid vaccine.Immunity includes immunologic defense,immunologic homeostasis and immunologic surveillance.When the body is in normal,it is beneficial to body;while in the abnormal condition,it can also damage the collective.There are bacteria,viruses,and mycoplasma cultivation,the basic technology of serum immunization preparation in the traditional vaccines. Modern vaccine modified vaccine by genetic engineering.By the new technology to the nucleic acid vaccine has published. Keywords:vaccine nucleic acid vaccine,genetic improvement生物疫苗 摘要：疫苗可分为减毒疫苗、灭活疫苗、亚基疫苗、遗传改良活疫苗、遗传改良 亚基疫苗、抗独特型疫苗、合成多肽类疫苗、核酸疫苗。免疫功能包括免疫防御、 免疫稳定与免疫监视三者。当机体处于正常状态时，它对机体有益；在异常状态 下，也可损害集体。传统疫苗有细菌培养、病毒培养、、支原体培养、免疫血清 制备等基本技术。现代疫苗以基因工程方法修饰疫苗。新技术下有核酸疫苗问世。 关键词：疫苗、核酸疫苗、遗传改良 Abstract：Vaccine includes attenuated vaccine，inactivated vaccine，subunit vaccine， genetic improvement live vaccine，genetic improvement subunit vaccine，anti-idiotype vaccine ，synthetic polypeptide vaccine ，nucleic acid vaccine. Immunity includes immunologic defense,immunologic homeostasis and immunologic surveillance. When the body is in normal, it is beneficial to body;while in the abnormal condition, it can also damage the collective. There are bacteria, viruses, and mycoplasma cultivation, the basic technology of serum immunization preparation in the traditional vaccines. Modern vaccine modified vaccine by genetic engineering. By the new technology to the nucleic acid vaccine has published. Keywords：vaccine ，nucleic acid vaccine，genetic improvement