工程科学学报.第43卷，第12期：1725-1736.2021年12月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.43,No.12:1725-1736,December 2021 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2021.09.15.007;http://cje.ustb.edu.cn 铬元素固化机理及利用不锈钢工业含铬固废制备无机 材料研究进展 武绍文，张延玲，张帅，高朝辉 北京科技大学钢铁治金新技术国家重点实验室，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:zhangyanling@metal.usth.edu.cn 摘要我国不锈钢工业近年来飞速发展，产生大量含铬固废.含Cr固废的综合利用工艺技术的开发，C元素的解毒/固化 机理是需要考虑的关键问题.本文综述了前人在该领域的相关研究工作，包括国内外不锈钢工业固废的化学和物相组成、铬 在不同含铬固废中的存在形式、铬在环境中的循环富集规律和毒性.探讨了含C矿相的演变规律、C·在不同矿相中的固化 机理.总结了目前利用不锈钢工业含铬固废制备水泥、微晶玻璃和烧结陶瓷等各类无机材料的研究进展.分析了目前利用不 锈钢工业含铬固废制备各类无机材料过程中存在的瓶颈问题.以期为未来中国无害化、高值化、资源化处理不锈钢含铬固废 并实现产业化应用提供基础借鉴 关键词含铬固废：固化机理：无机材料：安全性能：不锈钢渣 分类号TF09 Research progress of chromium solidification mechanism and preparation of inorganic materials by Cr-containing solid wastes from stainless steel industry WU Shao-wen,ZHANG Yan-ling,ZHANG Shuai,GAO Chao-hui State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 00083.China Corresponding author,E-mail:zhangyanling @metall.ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT In recent years,with the rapid development of the stainless steel industry in China,a large number of Cr-containing solid wastes are produced.Chromium resources in China are very scarce,and China mainly dependent on imported chromium.In the current situation of a limited supply of chromium ore in the world,determining the efficient utilization of chromium resources will become very important.The recovery of chromium in various solid wastes produced by the stainless steel industry has practical economic significance.In addition,an uncontrolled emission of Cr-containing solid wastes will endanger the ecological environment and hamper biological safety.Further,the large scale of China's stainless steel industry has caused urgent environmental problems,i.e.,the whole manufacturing process has produced a large number of Cr-containing solid wastes,including stainless steel slag,stainless steel dust, stainless steel rolled iron scale,and pickling sludge.The detoxification/solidification of Cr to obtain long-term safety performance is an important factor that must be considered in the development of a comprehensive utilization process technology for a large amount of Cr- containing solid wastes generated by the stainless steel industry.This paper reviewed the previous research work in this field,including the work regarding the chemical and phase compositions of the stainless steel industrial solid waste,the existing forms of chromium in different Cr-containing solid wastes,the cycle enrichment rule,and the toxicity of chromium in the environment.The evolution law of Cr-bearing mineral phases and the solidification mechanism of Cr in different mineral phases were discussed.The research progress of 收稿日期：2021-05-31 基金项目：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1905701)铬元素固化机理及利用不锈钢工业含铬固废制备无机 材料研究进展 武绍文，张延玲苣，张    帅，高朝辉 北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室，北京 100083 苣通信作者， E-mail:zhangyanling@metall.ustb.edu.cn 摘    要    我国不锈钢工业近年来飞速发展，产生大量含铬固废. 含 Cr 固废的综合利用工艺技术的开发，Cr 元素的解毒/固化 机理是需要考虑的关键问题. 本文综述了前人在该领域的相关研究工作，包括国内外不锈钢工业固废的化学和物相组成、铬 在不同含铬固废中的存在形式、铬在环境中的循环富集规律和毒性. 探讨了含 Cr 矿相的演变规律、Cr 在不同矿相中的固化 机理. 总结了目前利用不锈钢工业含铬固废制备水泥、微晶玻璃和烧结陶瓷等各类无机材料的研究进展. 分析了目前利用不 锈钢工业含铬固废制备各类无机材料过程中存在的瓶颈问题. 以期为未来中国无害化、高值化、资源化处理不锈钢含铬固废 并实现产业化应用提供基础借鉴. 关键词    含铬固废；固化机理；无机材料；安全性能；不锈钢渣 分类号    TF09 Research progress of chromium solidification mechanism and preparation of inorganic materials by Cr-containing solid wastes from stainless steel industry WU Shao-wen，ZHANG Yan-ling苣 ，ZHANG Shuai，GAO Chao-hui State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 苣 Corresponding author, E-mail: zhangyanling@metall.ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT    In recent years, with the rapid development of the stainless steel industry in China, a large number of Cr-containing solid wastes are produced. Chromium resources in China are very scarce, and China mainly dependent on imported chromium. In the current situation of a limited supply of chromium ore in the world, determining the efficient utilization of chromium resources will become very important.  The  recovery  of  chromium  in  various  solid  wastes  produced  by  the  stainless  steel  industry  has  practical  economic significance. In addition, an uncontrolled emission of Cr-containing solid wastes will endanger the ecological environment and hamper biological safety. Further, the large scale of China’s stainless steel industry has caused urgent environmental problems, i.e., the whole manufacturing  process  has  produced  a  large  number  of  Cr-containing  solid  wastes,  including  stainless  steel  slag,  stainless  steel  dust, stainless steel rolled iron scale, and pickling sludge. The detoxification/solidification of Cr to obtain long-term safety performance is an important factor that must be considered in the development of a comprehensive utilization process technology for a large amount of Cr￾containing solid wastes generated by the stainless steel industry. This paper reviewed the previous research work in this field, including the work regarding the chemical and phase compositions of the stainless steel industrial solid waste, the existing forms of chromium in different Cr-containing solid wastes, the cycle enrichment rule, and the toxicity of chromium in the environment. The evolution law of Cr-bearing mineral phases and the solidification mechanism of Cr in different mineral phases were discussed. The research progress of 收稿日期: 2021−05−31 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2019YFC1905701） 工程科学学报，第 43 卷，第 12 期：1725−1736，2021 年 12 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 43, No. 12: 1725−1736, December 2021 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2021.09.15.007; http://cje.ustb.edu.cn