National Academy of Sciences four-step risk assessment paradigm Hazard What are the toxicological effects Identification (endpoints)?For example, cholinesterase inhibition. Dose- At what dose level do the effects Response occur?For example,what's the Assessment NOAEL? Exposure How much chemical is a person being Assessment exposed to? 08 (nim) ● Combine the hazard,dose-response Risk OSU and exposure information to describe Characterization the overall magnitude of the risk 0regpnstate National Academy of Sciences four-step risk assessment paradigm Hazard Identification Dose￾Response Assessment Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization • What are the toxicological effects (endpoints)? For example, cholinesterase inhibition. • At what dose level do the effects occur? For example, what’s the NOAEL? • How much chemical is a person being exposed to? • Combine the hazard, dose-response, and exposure information to describe the overall magnitude of the risk