BEH.462/3. 962J Molecular Principles of Biomaterials Spring 2003 unicellular organisms such as radiolarians and diatoms A hexagona: Microskeleton of 15KV 184419.0 BATHU Radiolarian: Microskeleton of amorphous silica Coccolith: CaCo, microskeleton central tenet of biomineralization o organic molecules regulate nucleation, growth, morphology, and assembly of inorganic crystals(Mann, o molecular recognition at organic-inorganic interface two mechanisms of templating complex natural crystals 1. interfacial crystal growth rystal nucleation at organized boundaries(Acc. Chem. Res. 30, 17( 1997); J Mater. Chem. 7 689(1997)) utilized by unicellular organisms such as radiolarians and diatoms, where lipid vesicles compartmentalize and control solution chemistry kinetically controlled crystal growth 2. epitaxial crystal growth from template proteins equilibrium crystal growth dictated by template interfacial crystal growth Utilization of two-phase systems for directing location of mineral crystallization three types used by nature and one(possibly)novel approach investigated by biomimetic chemists 1. Vesicular biomineralization 2. Microemulsion biomineralization 3. micellar biomineralization 4. Dendrimer biomineralization(novel?) Lecture 11-Inorganic Biomaterials 3of12BEH.462/3.962J Molecular Principles of Biomaterials Spring 2003 Lecture 11 – Inorganic Biomaterials 3 of 12 • unicellular organisms such as radiolarians and diatoms Radiolarian: Microskeleton of amorphous silica A. hexagona: Microskeleton of amorphous silica Coccolith: CaCO3 microskeleton • central tenet of biomineralization: o organic molecules regulate nucleation, growth, morphology, and assembly of inorganic crystals (Mann, 1993) o molecular recognition at organic-inorganic interfaces • two mechanisms of templating complex natural crystals: 1. interfacial crystal growth ƒ crystal nucleation at organized boundaries (Acc. Chem. Res. 30, 17 (!997); J. Mater. Chem. 7, 689 (1997)) ƒ utilized by unicellular organisms such as radiolarians and diatoms, where lipid vesicles compartmentalize and control solution chemistry ƒ kinetically controlled crystal growth 2. epitaxial crystal growth ƒ from template proteins ƒ equilibrium crystal growth dictated by template interfacial crystal growth5 • Utilization of two-phase systems for directing location of mineral crystallization • three types used by nature and one (possibly) novel approach investigated by biomimetic chemists: 1. Vesicular biomineralization 2. Microemulsion biomineralization 3. micellar biomineralization 4. Dendrimer biomineralization (novel?)