Bioethanol(Wyman,1996;Roehr 2001),firewood,biogas,biodiesel(Graboski and McCormick,1998)and biohydrogen(Nandi and sengupta,1998)are examples of biofuels.Except for biohydrogen,commercial or pilot experimental use of the other biofuels is already established or emerging. Bioprocessing of biomass to produce industrial chemicals Nearly US$24 billion worth of hydrocarbon feedstocks are used annually in the chemical industry.Hydrocarbon purchases represent the major share of the industry's raw materials costs.As reserves of high-quality fossil fuels are depleted, other renewable sources will need to be found for any hydrocarbon feedstocks that cannot be substituted. Environmental biotechnology Treatment of municipal wastewater by activated sludge method was perhaps the first major use of biotechnology in bioremediation applications.More recently, microorganisms and enzymes have been successfully used in diverse bioremediation applications [4].Biotechnology is already playing a major role in maintaining a clean environment and this role will expand substantially as methods are developed and deployed for bioremediation of all kinds of industrial effluents. Role of transgentic plants and animals Transgenic animals and plants are potentially versatile chemical factories [5]. Compared to their conventional counterparts,transgenic plants offer many advantages,including:superior yields;lower demand for fertilizers and pesticides; better tolerance to adverse environments and pests;improved nutrition and other functional qualities;ability to generate products that a crop does not produce naturally;and reduced cost of production. 3.Article Review/Report It has been my first time to ever read such a long and professional paper,especially in a field that I'm totally new.Fortunately,with the help of TA and some references, I finally went through it and captured an idea of what it was trying to express.After all,it's a research review,so it may somehow seem a bit easier for newbies to understand. Basically,this paper said that biotechnology is a sustainable alternative of chemicalBioethanol (Wyman, 1996; Roehr 2001), firewood, biogas, biodiesel (Graboski and McCormick, 1998) and biohydrogen (Nandi and sengupta, 1998) are examples of biofuels. Except for biohydrogen, commercial or pilot experimental use of the other biofuels is already established or emerging. ·Bioprocessing of biomass to produce industrial chemicals Nearly US$24 billion worth of hydrocarbon feedstocks are used annually in the chemical industry. Hydrocarbon purchases represent the major share of the industry’s raw materials costs. As reserves of high-quality fossil fuels are depleted, other renewable sources will need to be found for any hydrocarbon feedstocks that cannot be substituted. ·Environmental biotechnology Treatment of municipal wastewater by activated sludge method was perhaps the first major use of biotechnology in bioremediation applications. More recently, microorganisms and enzymes have been successfully used in diverse bioremediation applications [4]. Biotechnology is already playing a major role in maintaining a clean environment and this role will expand substantially as methods are developed and deployed for bioremediation of all kinds of industrial effluents. ·Role of transgentic plants and animals Transgenic animals and plants are potentially versatile chemical factories [5]. Compared to their conventional counterparts, transgenic plants offer many advantages, including: superior yields; lower demand for fertilizers and pesticides; better tolerance to adverse environments and pests; improved nutrition and other functional qualities; ability to generate products that a crop does not produce naturally; and reduced cost of production. 3. Article Review/Report It has been my first time to ever read such a long and professional paper, especially in a field that I’m totally new. Fortunately, with the help of TA and some references, I finally went through it and captured an idea of what it was trying to express. After all, it’s a research review, so it may somehow seem a bit easier for newbies to understand. Basically, this paper said that biotechnology is a sustainable alternative of chemical