Notes to the text If lower press ratios(final pressure leaving the compressor divided by initial pressure entering)are used, a large amount of heat is available in the exhaust gas which may be covered by heating the compressed air before it enters the combustion chamber 这是一句主从复合句。 If lower pressure ratios are used是条件状语从句;主句是 a large amount of heat is available in the exhaust gas, If which may be recovered by heating the compressed air是定语从句,修饰 a large amount of heat. before it enters the combustion chamber是时间状语从句,修饰前面的 heating,而it是指 the compressed air. 2. However, the direct-driver diesels have a lower fuel oil consumption than do higher-rpI units,and with suitable fuel treatment they will operate on the better grades of the cheaper fuel oil burned in boilers than do higher-rpm units是一个比较状语从句。这里的do即表示 have a low fuel oil consumption burned in boilers是动词过去分词短语,作后置定语,修饰 cheaper fuel oil 3. Lubricating oil consumption of diesel engines is high because of the cylinder-piston lubrication that must be provided and the contamination of the crankcase oil with residues blown by the piston rings 复合介词 because of后面有两个宾语,一个是 the cylinder-piston lubrication,另 个是 the contamination of the crankcase oil o that must be provided是定语从句,修饰the cylinder- piston lubrication with residues blown by the piston rings是说明 the crankcase oil污染 的原因 4. By reversing one or more engines, ready maneuvering including astern operation is provided for by the use of the respective coupling 这是一个简单句。主语为 ready maneuvering,谓语为 is provided for, by the use of the respective coupling和 by reversing one or more engines是介词短语作行为。方式状语。 5. These include flexibility of control and the independence of the location of the turbo generator relative to the propeller shaft or propulsion motor 句中 relative to the propeller shaft or propulsion motor是形容词短语,作后置定语,修饰 6. All levels of automation are now being used from simple manual surveillance of all systems in a fully manned engine space to a completely unmanned system recording data and monitoring trends to pinpoint possible trouble are being used是动词被动态进行式 recording data和 monitoring trends to pinpoint possible trouble均是动词现在分词 短语,作定语用,修饰 a completely unmanned systemNotes to the text 1. If lower press ratios (final pressure leaving the compressor divided by initial pressure entering) are used, a large amount of heat is available in the exhaust gas which may be recovered by heating the compressed air before it enters the combustion chamber 这是一句主从复合句。If lower pressure ratios are used 是条件状语从句；主句是 a large amount of heat is available in the exhaust gas,而 which may be recovered by heating the compressed air 是定语从句，修饰 a large amount of heat. before it enters the combustion chamber 是时间状语从句，修饰前面的 heating，而 it 是指 the compressed air. 2. However, the direct-driver diesels have a lower fuel oil consumption than do higher-rpm units, and with suitable fuel treatment they will operate on the better grades of the cheaper fuel oil burned in boilers. than do higher-rpm units 是一个比较状语从句。这里的 do 即表示 have a low fuel oil consumption. burned in boilers 是动词过去分词短语，作后置定语，修饰 cheaper fuel oil. 3. Lubricating oil consumption of diesel engines is high because of the cylinder-piston lubrication that must be provided and the contamination of the crankcase oil with residues blown by the piston rings. 复合介词 because of 后面有两个宾语，一个是 the cylinder-piston lubrication，另 一个是 the contamination of the crankcase oil。that must be provided 是定语从句，修饰 the cylinder-piston lubrication。with residues blown by the piston rings 是说明 the crankcase oil 污染 的原因。 4. By reversing one or more engines, ready maneuvering, including astern operation, is provided for by the use of the respective coupling. 这是一个简单句。主语为 ready maneuvering，谓语为 is provided for ，by the use of the respective coupling 和 by reversing one or more engines 是介词短语作行为。方式状语。 5．These include flexibility of control and the independence of the location of the turbo generator relative to the propeller shaft or propulsion motor. 句中 relative to the propeller shaft or propulsion motor 是形容词短语，作后置定语，修饰 the independence。 6. All levels of automation are now being used from simple manual surveillance of all systems in a fully manned engine space to a completely unmanned system recording data and monitoring trends to pinpoint possible trouble. are being used 是动词被动态进行式。 recording data 和 monitoring trends to pinpoint possible trouble 均是动词现在分词 短语，作定语用，修饰 a completely unmanned system