背诵篇章 a) cool jaz(= progressive jazz)高雅爵士乐。Eg: Kenny G amjazz. Eg: Charles Mingus, John Lewis c)main stream ja e)soul jazz. Eg: Sarah Vaughn, Ella Fitzgerald f)Latin jazz. 2. gospel music福音音乐,主要源于 Nero spirituals.Eg. Dolly Parker, Mahalia Jackson ountry and Western music. Eg. John Denver, Tammy Wynette, Kenny Rogers, et 4. Rock music---------a)rock and rol eg: EMis Prestley(US), the Beatles(UK) b)folk rock Eg: Bob Dylon, Michael Jackson, Mariah Carey, Bruce Springsteen, Lionel Riche etc. e)rock jazz eg: M.J. McLaughlin f)Jurassic rock 5. Music for easy listening(i.e. light music 26. Intemational Business and Cross-cultural Communication The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowedge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and onsequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their for eign counterparts. negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which peop le are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as weal thy and impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiators role becomes that of an impersonal purveyor of information and cash In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiators position. Two traits in particular that cause cross -cultural misunderstanding are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term goals. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and ma be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator 27. Scientific Theories In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that arerel ated. a theory of ten involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced. a good example of this is found in the kineti A useful theory, in addition to explaining past observations, helps to predict events that have not as yet been observed. After a theory has been publicized, scientists design experiments to test the theory. If observations confirm the scientists predictions. the theory is supported If observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must search further. There may be a fault in the experiment, or the theory may have to be revised or rejected Science involves imag ination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments. Facts by emselves are not science. As the mathematician Jules Henri Poincare said, "Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house. 11背 诵 篇 章 11 2)modern jazz ------ a) cool jazz(=progressive jazz)高雅爵士乐。 Eg: Kenny G. b)third-stream jazz. Eg: Charles Mingus, John Lewis. c) main stream jazz. d)avant-garde jazz. e) soul jazz. Eg: Sarah Vaughn, Ella Fitzgerald f) Latin jazz. 2.gospel music 福音音乐， 主要源于 Nero spirituals. Eg. Dolly Parker, Mahalia Jackson 3.Country and Western music. Eg. John Denver, Tammy Wynette, Kenny Rogers, etc. 4. Rock music-----------a) rock and roll eg: Elvis Prestley(US) , the Beatles(UK.) b)folk rock Eg: Bob Dylon, Michael Jackson, Mariah Carey, Bruce Springsteen, Lionel Riche etc. c)punk rock d)acid rock e)rock jazz eg: M.J. McLaughlin f) Jurassic rock 5.Music for easy listening (i.e. light music ) 26. International Business and Cross-cultural Communication The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their for eign counterparts. Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which peop le are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation. In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthy and impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator’s role becomes that of an impersonal purveyor of information and cash. In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator’s position. Two traits in particular that cause cross -cultural misunderstanding are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term goals. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator. 27. Scientific Theories In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are rel ated. A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced. A good example of this is found in the kinetic molecular theory, in which gases are pictured as being made up of many small particles that are in constant motion. A useful theory, in addition to explaining past observations, helps to predict events that have not as yet been observed. After a theory has been publicized, scientists design experiments to test the theory. If observations confirm the scientist’s predictions, the theory is supported. If observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must search further. There may be a fault in the experiment, or the theory may have to be revised or rejected. Science involves imagination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments. Facts by themselves are not science. As the mathematician Jules Henri Poincare said, “Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house