Bilevel cv problem (BCP)(2 More Specifically, Model selection via T- fold o∨→BCP! 1) The inner-level problems minimize the regularized training error to determine the best function for the given hyperparameters for each fold 2) The hyperparameters are the outer-level control variables. the objective of the outer-level is to minimize the valid ation error based on the optimal parameters( w) returned for each foldBilevel CV Problem (BCP) (2) More Specifically, Model selection via T-fold CV → BCP! 1) The inner-level problems minimize the regularized training error to determine the best function for the given hyperparameters for each fold. 2) The hyperparameters are the outer-level control variables. The objective of the outer-level is to minimize the validation error based on the optimal parameters (w) returned for each fold