Foreword Along with the development of biochemistry, cell physiology, applied molecular biology, genetic engineering and metabolic engineering, a great change in industrial fermentation is being made from technique to science. Today when much account of biotechnology has been made, it should be necessary to reconsider, in the level of science, the breeding and fermentation technology as a whole for industrial fermentation. Based on the generalization and crystallization of the researches in designing-breeding and fermentation technology, and the research in teaching of fermentation principles and microbial physiology, a presentation of the three viewpoints of industrial fermentation, hereinbelow, was given at School of Biotechnology, Wuxi University of light Industry in 1997.Foreword Along with the development of biochemistry, cell physiology, applied molecular biology, genetic engineering and metabolic engineering, a great change in industrial fermentation is being made from technique to science. Today when much account of biotechnology has been made, it should be necessary to reconsider, in the level of science, the breeding and fermentation technology as a whole for industrial fermentation. Based on the generalization and crystallization of the researches in designing-breeding and fermentation technology, and the research in teaching of fermentation principles and microbial physiology, a presentation of the three viewpoints of industrial fermentation, hereinbelow, was given at School of Biotechnology, Wuxi University of Light Industry in 1997