Foreword Along with the development of biochemistry, cell physiology, applied molecular biology, genetic engineering and metabolic engineering, a great change in industrial fermentation is being made from technique to science. Today when much account of biotechnology has been made, it should be necessary to reconsider, in the level of science, the breeding and fermentation technology as a whole for industrial fermentation. Based on the generalization and crystallization of the researches in designing-breeding and fermentation technology, and the research in teaching of fermentation principles and microbial physiology, a presentation of the three viewpoints of industrial fermentation, hereinbelow, was given at School of Biotechnology, Wuxi University of light Industry in 1997
Foreword Along with the development of biochemistry, cell physiology, applied molecular biology, genetic engineering and metabolic engineering, a great change in industrial fermentation is being made from technique to science. Today when much account of biotechnology has been made, it should be necessary to reconsider, in the level of science, the breeding and fermentation technology as a whole for industrial fermentation. Based on the generalization and crystallization of the researches in designing-breeding and fermentation technology, and the research in teaching of fermentation principles and microbial physiology, a presentation of the three viewpoints of industrial fermentation, hereinbelow, was given at School of Biotechnology, Wuxi University of Light Industry in 1997
Three Basic Viewpoints of Industrial fermentation Zhang Xingyuan Wuxi University of Light Industry, China) E-mail:starxyz(@publiclwx.js.cn
Three Basic Viewpoints of Industrial Fermentation Zhang Xingyuan (Wuxi University of Light Industry, China) E-mail: starxyz@public1.wx.js.cn
Abstract Fermentation is the processes in which microbial population functions. Those processes are supported and maintained by the three kinds of flow: 1. the electron flow which operates along with energy-form transformation 2. the metabolite fluxes which operate along with dissimilation and assimilation, 3. the information flow which operates along with the meta bolic regulations in different levels. On the basis of the analysis of the operation rules of above three kinds of flow, the three basic viewpoints of industrial fermentation are put forward: 1. the viewpoint of energy support, 2. the viewpoint of metabolic network, 3. the viewpoint of cell economy. Those viewpoints may reveal the biological attribution, the power and potentiality of industrial fermentation, as well as the behavior criterion of industrial fermentation
Abstract Fermentation is the processes in which microbial population functions. Those processes are supported and maintained by the three kinds of flow: 1. the electron flow which operates along with energy-form transformation, 2. the metabolite fluxes which operate along with dissimilation and assimilation, 3. the information flow which operates along with the metabolic regulations in different levels. On the basis of the analysis of the operation rules of above three kinds of flow, the three basic viewpoints of industrial fermentation are put forward: 1. the viewpoint of energy support, 2. the viewpoint of metabolic network, 3. the viewpoint of cell economy. Those viewpoints may reveal the biological attribution, the power and potentiality of industrial fermentation, as well as the behavior criterion of industrial fermentation
Three basic viewpoints of industrial fermentation Part one Part two Three basic Basic Ⅴiewp oints of conceptions of industrial fermentation fermentation principles
Three basic viewpoints of industrial fermentation Part one Three basic View points of industrial fermentation Part two Basic conceptions of fermentation principles
Part one: Three basic view points of industrial fermentation The viewpoint of energy support Cell Energetics The viewpoint of metabolic network Cell Second Anatomy The viewpoint of cell-economy Cell-economy
Part one: Three basic view points of industrial fermentation • The viewpoint of energy support —— Cell Energetics • The viewpoint of metabolic network —— Cell Second Anatomy • The viewpoint of cell-economy —— Cell-economy
The viewpoint of energy support Microbial cells are the producers of the target-products (or desirable products) for industrial fermentation. It is necessary for microbial cells'growth and maintenance to be supported by bioenergy, which should be transformed by the apparatus of cells themselves from energy sources of other types. Thus. industrial fermentation manifests biological attribute
1. The viewpoint of energy support Microbial cells are the producers of the target-products (or desirable products) for industrial fermentation. It is necessary for microbial cells’ growth and maintenance to be supported by bioenergy, which should be transformed by the apparatus of cells themselves from energy sources of other types. Thus, industrial fermentation manifests biological attribute
2. The viewpoint of metabolic network There is neither absolute starting point nor ultimate terminal point in meta bolic network, which consists of biochemical reaction networks and trans-membrane steps. Any intermediate meta bolite in meta bolic network or possibly the compound to be connected to metabolic network by means of biology or chemistry, would be developed into a target product or a starting material for industrial fermentation
2. The viewpoint of metabolic network There is neither absolute starting point nor ultimate terminal point in metabolic network, which consists of biochemical reaction networks and trans-membrane steps. Any intermediate metabolite in metabolic network, or possibly the compound to be connected to metabolic network by means of biology or chemistry, would be developed into a targetproduct or a starting material for industrial fermentation
3. The viewpoint of cell-economy The economy systems of microbial cells have been developing into competent economy in a long, long process of inartificial selection. In the case of microbial breeding and controlled fermentation, aiming at the production of target- product, the metabolic flow should be regulated for earning bioenergy on which the cells rely for living, and for the accumulation of target-product or desirable products outside cells; in that situation the state of cell-economy should be oriented. The transformation from competitive-type economy into guiding-type economy is dependent upon information guidance of the genetic and circumstance factors, nevertheless the over-deviation from competent economy may bring down on a crash of cell-economy
3. The viewpoint of cell-economy The economy systems of microbial cells have been developing into competent economy in a long, long process of inartificial selection. In the case of microbial breeding and controlled fermentation, aiming at the production of targetproduct, the metabolic flow should be regulated for earning bioenergy on which the cells rely for living, and for the accumulation of target-product or desirable products outside cells; in that situation the state of cell-economy should be oriented. The transformation from competitive-type economy into guiding-type economy is dependent upon informationguidance of the genetic and circumstance factors, nevertheless the over-deviation from competent economy may bring down on a crash of cell-economy
Part two: Basic Conceptions of Fermentation Principles Cell Energetics: lst to 4th items the electron flow Cell second Anatomy: 5th to 15th items the substance(metabolite)flux Cell-economy: 16th to 2lst items the information flow
Part two: Basic Conceptions of Fermentation Principles • Cell Energetics: 1st to 4th items —— the electron flow • Cell second Anatomy: 5th to 15th items —— the substance (metabolite) flux • Cell-economy: 16th to 21st items —— the information flow
Cell Energetics(1 to 4) the electron flow
Cell Energetics(1 to 4) ——the electron flow
