Group Project of Aircraft Design 8.2 Wing Geometry Optimization..... 41 9 Tail Geometry and Arrangement. 46 9.1 Tail Functions........ 46 9.2 Tail Arrangement............ 46 9.3 Horizontal Tail Parameters. 48 9.4 Vertical Tail Parameters. 51 9.5 Area of Tail 52 10 Engine. 53 10.1 Introduction 53 10.2 Choice of Engine Type. 54 10.3 Engine Installation...... 56 1 1 Landing gear.… 57 11.1 Landing Gear Arrangements. 少 11.2 Tire Sizing and Number.............. 58 l2 Refined Weight.… 59 12.1 Weight of Components.......... .59 12.2 Weight and Center of Gravity Estimation. 61 13 Lift and Drag Estimation.............. …62 13.1 Lift Estimation......... 62 13.2 Drag Estimation 64 14 Flight Performance....... 66 14.1 Takeoff Performance 67 14.2 Climb Performance. 68 14.3 Cruise Performance. 69 14.4 Landing Performance.......... 70 14.5 Summary...... 71 15 Hydrodynamic Performance........ 71 15.1 Force Analysis.......... 71 15.2 Takeoff Performance..... 73 16 Materials.… 77 16.1 Introduction. 77 16.2 Airframe Material Selection........ 79 16.3 Wing Material Selection.......... 79 16.4 Landing Gear Material Selection.... 80 17 Life-cycle Cost Analysis............ 81 17.1 Introduction. 81 17.2 RDT&E and Production Cost Analysis. 82 17.3 Operation and Maintenance Costs. 84 17.4 LCC Conclusion....... 86 18 Conclusion. 86 Acknowledgment. 88 Reference........ 88Group Project of Aircraft Design 8.2 Wing Geometry Optimization.............................................................................................41 9 Tail Geometry and Arrangement....................................................................................................46 9.1 Tail Functions......................................................................................................................46 9.2 Tail Arrangement.................................................................................................................46 9.3 Horizontal Tail Parameters..................................................................................................48 9.4 Vertical Tail Parameters...................................................................................................... 51 9.5 Area of Tail..........................................................................................................................52 10 Engine...........................................................................................................................................53 10.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 53 10.2 Choice of Engine Type......................................................................................................54 10.3 Engine Installation............................................................................................................ 56 11 Landing gear.................................................................................................................................57 11.1 Landing Gear Arrangements............................................................................................. 57 11.2 Tire Sizing and Number.................................................................................................... 58 12 Refined Weight.............................................................................................................................59 12.1 Weight of Components......................................................................................................59 12.2 Weight and Center of Gravity Estimation.........................................................................61 13 Lift and Drag Estimation..............................................................................................................62 13.1 Lift Estimation.................................................................................................................. 62 13.2 Drag Estimation................................................................................................................ 64 14 Flight Performance.......................................................................................................................66 14.1 Takeoff Performance......................................................................................................... 67 14.2 Climb Performance........................................................................................................... 68 14.3 Cruise Performance...........................................................................................................69 14.4 Landing Performance........................................................................................................70 14.5 Summary........................................................................................................................... 71 15 Hydrodynamic Performance........................................................................................................ 71 15.1 Force Analysis...................................................................................................................71 15.2 Takeoff Performance......................................................................................................... 73 16 Materials.......................................................................................................................................77 16.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 77 16.2 Airframe Material Selection..............................................................................................79 16.3 Wing Material Selection....................................................................................................79 16.4 Landing Gear Material Selection......................................................................................80 17 Life-cycle Cost Analysis.............................................................................................................. 81 17.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 81 17.2 RDT&E and Production Cost Analysis............................................................................ 82 17.3 Operation and Maintenance Costs.................................................................................... 84 17.4 LCC Conclusion................................................................................................................86 18 Conclusion....................................................................................................................................86 Acknowledgment...............................................................................................................................88 Reference...........................................................................................................................................88