第8期 高分子通报 41· ·二·二 PLANAR TWIST CYLINDRICAL TWIST 图8胆甾相扭曲的两个模型 (a)在平面扭曲中,每一个平面上分子相互平行,平面间的方向规则旋转;(a’)胆甾相中分子取向变化,线代表分子与 所在平面平行;点代表分子与所化平面垂直;钉子代表斜位上的分子,点指向观察者;(b)圆柱状的扭曲,等距且平行的 螺旋在一系列共轴的圆柱体上,从一个圆柱体到另一个圆柱体螺旋规则旋转;(b’)胆甾相中分子取向变化 Figure8 Two major types of cholesteric twists[29 (a) In a planar twist, equidistant straight lines are drawn on horizontal planes, and the direction of the lines rotates regularly from plane to plane: (a') In the conventional notation for a cholesteric geometry applied to a planar twist lines represent molecules longitudinal to the drawing plane and dots represent molecules perpendicular to it: molecules in oblique position are represented by nails whose points are directed toward the observer: (b) In a cylindrical twist equidistant helices are drawn on a series of coaxial cylinders, and the angle of the helices rotates regularly from ne cylinder to the next:(b) Conventional representation of a cholesteric geometry applied to a cylindrical twist olecules 图9分子液晶PLM图和超分子液晶TEM图1 a.酸溶高浓度胶原的分子液晶PLM图,bar=5um;b.分子液晶取向图,P/2符合分子取向的180°旋转; c.中性高浓度胶原的超分子液晶TEM图,规则的弧形花纹,bar=05um。 Figure 9 Molecular liquid crystal by PLM and super-molecular liquid crystal by TEM1 (a)Scheme illustrating molecular liquid crystal observed by PlM in acid soluble collagen solution at high concentration, bar=5mm (b) Diagram of the orientation of molecular liquid crystal, P/2 corresponds to a 180 rotation of the molecular direction (c) Scheme illustrating supra-molecular liquid crystal observed by TEM in neutral collagen solution at high concentration, evidenced by regular series of arced patterns, is maintained. TEM, bar=0. 5mm C1994-2013ChinaAcademicJOurnalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net图８ 胆甾相扭曲的两个模型［２９］ （ａ）在平面扭曲中，每一个平面上分子相互平行，平面间的方向规则旋转；（ａ’）胆甾相中分子取向变化，线代表分子与 所在平面平行；点代表分子与所化平面垂直；钉子代表斜位上的分子，点指向观察者；（ｂ）圆柱状的扭曲，等距且平行的 螺旋在一系列共轴的圆柱体上，从一个圆柱体到另一个圆柱体螺旋规则旋转；（ｂ’）胆甾相中分子取向变化。 Ｆｉｇｕｒｅ８ Ｔｗｏｍａｊｏｒｔｙｐｅｓｏｆｃｈｏｌｅｓｔｅｒｉｃｔｗｉｓｔｓ［２９］ （ａ）Ｉｎａｐｌａｎａｒｔｗｉｓｔ，ｅｑｕｉｄｉｓｔａｎｔｓｔｒａｉｇｈｔｌｉｎｅｓａｒｅｄｒａｗｎｏｎｈｏｒｉｚｏｎｔａｌｐｌａｎｅｓ，ａｎｄｔｈｅｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｌｉｎｅｓｒｏｔａｔｅｓ ｒｅｇｕｌａｒｌｙｆｒｏｍｐｌａｎｅｔｏｐｌａｎｅ；（ａ’）Ｉｎｔｈｅｃｏｎｖｅｎｔｉｏｎａｌｎｏｔａｔｉｏｎｆｏｒａｃｈｏｌｅｓｔｅｒｉｃｇｅｏｍｅｔｒｙａｐｐｌｉｅｄｔｏａｐｌａｎａｒｔｗｉｓｔ， ｌｉｎｅｓｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅｓｌｏｎｇｉｔｕｄｉｎａｌｔｏｔｈｅｄｒａｗｉｎｇｐｌａｎｅａｎｄｄｏｔｓｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅｓｐｅｒｐｅｎｄｉｃｕｌａｒｔｏｉｔ；ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌｅｓｉｎ ｏｂｌｉｑｕｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎａｒｅｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｅｄｂｙｎａｉｌｓｗｈｏｓｅｐｏｉｎｔｓａｒｅｄｉｒｅｃｔｅｄｔｏｗａｒｄｔｈｅｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｒ；（ｂ）Ｉｎａｃｙｌｉｎｄｒｉｃａｌｔｗｉｓｔ， ｅｑｕｉｄｉｓｔａｎｔｈｅｌｉｃｅｓａｒｅｄｒａｗｎｏｎａｓｅｒｉｅｓｏｆｃｏａｘｉａｌｃｙｌｉｎｄｅｒｓ，ａｎｄｔｈｅａｎｇｌｅｏｆｔｈｅｈｅｌｉｃｅｓｒｏｔａｔｅｓｒｅｇｕｌａｒｌｙｆｒｏｍ ｏｎｅｃｙｌｉｎｄｅｒｔｏｔｈｅｎｅｘｔ；（ｂ’）Ｃｏｎｖｅｎｔｉｏｎａｌｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆａｃｈｏｌｅｓｔｅｒｉｃｇｅｏｍｅｔｒｙａｐｐｌｉｅｄｔｏａｃｙｌｉｎｄｒｉｃａｌｔｗｉｓｔ． 图９ 分子液晶 ＰＬＭ 图和超分子液晶 ＴＥＭ 图［３１］ ａ．酸溶高浓度胶原的分子液晶 ＰＬＭ 图，ｂａｒ＝５ｕｍ；ｂ．分子液晶取向图，Ｐ／２符合分子取向的１８０°旋转； ｃ．中性高浓度胶原的超分子液晶 ＴＥＭ 图，规则的弧形花纹，ｂａｒ＝０．５ｕｍ。 Ｆｉｇｕｒｅ９ ＭｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｌｉｑｕｉｄｃｒｙｓｔａｌｂｙＰＬＭａｎｄｓｕｐｅｒ－ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｌｉｑｕｉｄｃｒｙｓｔａｌｂｙＴＥＭ［３１］ （ａ）ＳｃｈｅｍｅｉｌｌｕｓｔｒａｔｉｎｇｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｌｉｑｕｉｄｃｒｙｓｔａｌｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄｂｙＰＬＭｉｎａｃｉｄｓｏｌｕｂｌｅｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｔｈｉｇｈｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ，ｂａｒ＝５ｍｍ； （ｂ）Ｄｉａｇｒａｍｏｆｔｈｅｏｒｉｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｌｉｑｕｉｄｃｒｙｓｔａｌ，Ｐ／２ｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｓｔｏａ１８０°ｒｏｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎ； （ｃ）Ｓｃｈｅｍｅｉｌｌｕｓｔｒａｔｉｎｇｓｕｐｒａ－ｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｌｉｑｕｉｄｃｒｙｓｔａｌｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄｂｙＴＥＭｉｎｎｅｕｔｒａｌｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｔｈｉｇｈ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ，ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅｄｂｙｒｅｇｕｌａｒｓｅｒｉｅｓｏｆａｒｃｅｄｐａｔｔｅｒｎｓ，ｉｓｍａｉｎｔａｉｎｅｄ．ＴＥＭ，ｂａｒ＝０．５ｍｍ． 第８期 高 分 子 通 报 · １４ ·