◆SNEB ◆FNEB 10 ◆FNEB 0 MLE 10 .-MLE -MLE (oas) -EZ8 -EZB .UPE ...UPE ..UPE -ART -ART -ART o 10 10 10 10 0.020.040.060.08 0.1 0.02.0.040.060.08 0.1 0 0.020.040.06 0.08 0.1 Confidence Interval B Confidence Interval B Confidence Interval B (a)a=99.9% (b)a=99% (c)a=95% Figure 13:Time vs.B 0.99g 0.98 0.99 0.999 0.99 0.98 0999 0.99 ￥0.97 0.9992 是0.992 0.96 .99 0.99 0.9 10 10 104 10 10 103 umberftag10 10 10 10 104 Number of tags t 10 10 Number of tags t (a)a=99.9%,3=0.1% (b)a=99%,B=1% (c)a=95%.B=5% Figure 14:Actual reliability [3]EPCGlobal Inc.Radio-Frequency Identity Protocols and applications.IEEE Pervasive Computing,5:22-24. Class-1 Generation-2 UHF RFID Protocol for 2006. Communications at 860 MHz-960 MHz,1.2.0 edition, [12A.Nemmaluri,M.D.Corner,and P.Shenoy. 2008. Sherlock:Automatically locating objects for humans. [4 K.Finkenzeller.RFID Handbook:Fundamentals and In Proc.MobiSys,pages 187-198,2008. 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[17]V.Shah-Mansouri and V.W.Wong.Cardinality [8]M.Kodialam,T.Nandagopal,and W.C.Lau. estimation in RFID systems with multiple readers.In Anonymous tracking using RFID tags.In Proc.IEEE Proc.IEEE GLOBECOM.2009. INFOCOM.2007. [18]H.Vogt.Efficient object identification with passive [9]C.H.Lee and C.W.Chung.Efficient storage scheme RFID tags.Pervasive Computing,2414:98-113,2002. and query processing for supply chain management [19]C.Wang,H.Wu,and N.-F.Tzeng.RFID-based 3-d using RFID.In Proc.ACM SIGMOD,pages 291-302. positioning schemes.In Proc.IEEE INFOCOM,pages 2008. 1235-1243,2007. [10]T.Li,S.Wu,S.Chen,and M.Yang.Energy efficient [20 B.Zhen,M.Kobayashi,and M.Shimizu.Framed algorithms for the RFID estimation problem.In Proc. ALOHA for multiple RFID objects identification. IEEE INFOCOM.2010. IEICE Transactions on Communications,88:991-999, [11]B.Nath,F.Reynolds,and R.Want.RFID technology 2005. 3760 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 100 102 104 Confidence Interval β Estimation time (sec) FNEB MLE EZB UPE ART (a) α = 99.9% 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 100 102 104 Confidence Interval β Estimation time (sec) FNEB MLE EZB UPE ART (b) α = 99% 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 100 102 104 Confidence Interval β Estimation time (sec) FNEB MLE EZB UPE ART (c) α = 95% Figure 13: Time vs. β 102 103 104 105 106 0.999 0.9992 0.9994 0.9996 0.9998 1 Number of tags t Actual Reliability (AR) (a) α = 99.9%, β = 0.1% 102 103 104 105 106 0.99 0.992 0.994 0.996 0.998 1 Number of tags t Actual Reliability (AR) (b) α = 99%, β = 1% 102 103 104 105 106 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 1 Number of tags t Actual Reliability (AR) (c) α = 95%, β = 5% Figure 14: Actual reliability [3] EPCGlobal Inc. Radio-Frequency Identity Protocols Class-1 Generation-2 UHF RFID Protocol for Communications at 860 MHz–960 MHz, 1.2.0 edition, 2008. 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