8/24/2016 Black Pepper Microbial Load Aerobic Plate Count Differs in products from the same origin -Ground meat greater microbial load thar cuts of meat Bacteria multiply during processing or on the equipment used to process it Starting number impacts the number in the final product (even heat treated food) High numbers occur even in foods properly heat treated due to 10-4 10-5 1.Poor-quality ingredients 10-6 2.Poor sanitation 3.Recontamination 4.Improper handling Determining a Microbial Load Sample Collection and Processing Methods used vary from . Estimation of the number of microbes in or food to food and for specific on food is needed to determine if a food microorganisms product meets specifications,standards, or quidelines FDA outlines its methods in Bacteriological Analytical Rule of thumb,as the microbial load Manua/BAM increases,the food quality decreases USDA publishes(meat and -Exceptions are fermented foods poultry)Microbiology Microbiological analysis of food refers to Laboratory Guidebook determining the levels of bacteria Online pdf book formats 8/24/2016 2 Black Pepper Aerobic Plate Count 10-4 10-5 10-6 5 Microbial Load • Differs in products from the same origin - Ground meat greater microbial load than cuts of meat - Bacteria multiply during processing or on the equipment used to process it • Starting number impacts the number in the final product (even heat treated food) • High numbers occur even in foods properly heat treated due to 1. Poor-quality ingredients 2. Poor sanitation 3. Recontamination 4. Improper handling 6 Determining a Microbial Load • Estimation of the number of microbes in or on food is needed to determine if a food product meets specifications, standards, or guidelines • Rule of thumb, as the microbial load increases, the food quality decreases - Exceptions are fermented foods • Microbiological analysis of food refers to determining the levels of bacteria 7 Sample Collection and Processing • Methods used vary from food to food and for specific microorganisms • FDA outlines its methods in Bacteriological Analytical Manual BAM • USDA publishes (meat and poultry) Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook • Online pdf book formats 8