竞争的含义 The Meaning of Competition 竞争市场上的企业 ◆完全竞争市场具有下列特征 Firms in Competitive a perfectly competitive market has the Markets following characteristics: ●市场中有许多买者和卖者 第14章 There are many buvers and sellers in the Chapter 14 ◆名个卖者提供的物品大体上是相同的 oods offered by the various sellers are ◆企业可以自由地进入或退出市场 Firms can freely enter or exit the market 竞争的含义 The Meaning of Competition 竞争的含义 ◆这些特征,使得完全竞争市场具有如下结果: The Meaning of Competition As a result of its characteristics, the perfectly competitive market has the following outcomes: 竞争市场中的买者和卖者被称为价格 钡忽深政卖者的行动对市场价格的影确部 接受者。 The actions of any single buyer or seller in the Buyers and sellers in competitive narket have a negligible impact on the market markets are said to be price takers. ◆每一个买者和卖者都接受市场决定的价格 es the market price as 竞争企业的收益 竞争企业的收益 Revenue of a Competitive Firm Revenue of a Competitive Firm 企业的总收益是销售价乘以销售量。 Total revenue for a firm is the selling 总收益与产量成比例 price times the quantity sold. Total revenue is proportional to the amount of output TR=(PX QI1 竞争市场上的企业 Firms in Competitive Markets 第14章 Chapter 14 2 竞争的含义 The Meaning of Competition ‹完全竞争市场具有下列特征: A perfectly competitive market has the following characteristics: ‹ 市场中有许多买者和卖者 There are many buyers and sellers in the market. ‹ 各个卖者提供的物品大体上是相同的 The goods offered by the various sellers are largely the same. ‹ 企业可以自由地进入或退出市场 Firms can freely enter or exit the market. 3 竞争的含义 The Meaning of Competition ‹这些特征，使得完全竞争市场具有如下结果： As a result of its characteristics, the perfectly competitive market has the following outcomes: ‹任何一个买者或卖者的行动对市场价格的影响都 可以忽略不计。 The actions of any single buyer or seller in the market have a negligible impact on the market price. ‹每一个买者和卖者都接受市场决定的价格。 Each buyer and seller takes the market price as given. 4 竞争的含义 The Meaning of Competition 竞争市场中的买者和卖者被称为价格 接受者。 Buyers and sellers in competitive markets are said to be price takers. 5 竞争企业的收益 Revenue of a Competitive Firm 企业的总收益是销售价格乘以销售量。 Total revenue for a firm is the selling price times the quantity sold. TR = (P X Q) 6 竞争企业的收益 Revenue of a Competitive Firm 总收益与产量成比例。 Total revenue is proportional to the amount of output