of the sixty-five documents.From these translations it becomes possible for us to perceive Teng's and Fairbanks'mentalities towards nineteenth-century China. As it is always difficult,the work of translating literary Chinese to English is continuously picked up by historians in different generations.P.Cheng and M.Lestz with J.Spence eds.,The Search for Modern China:A Documentary Collection (New York:W.W.Norton Company,1999).The editing of this book is to help readers to advance their understanding of J.Spence,The Search for Modern China ((New York: W.W.Norton Company,1999).As The Search for Modern China covers from late Ming to the People's Republic,the selected essays in The Search for Modern China: A Documentary Collection also start from ??to PRC President Jiang Zemin's New Year's Greeting to Taiwan compatriots in 1995.These two books focus on Chinese people's essays but essays written by foreigners in China are not selected in the two books. The reason why 'A Bystander's View'should be translated is that though John Fairbank's research team studied the Chinese version of 'A Bystander's View'and summarised Hart's arguments in three pages,3 the piece was quoted from Chouban Yiwu Shimo (A Complete Account of the Management of Barbaric Affairs),Tongzhi vol.XL,13-22.There remain questions that whether the original version of 'A Bystander's View'of Sir Robert Hart is English or Chinese.According to the style of the piece,it seems very unlikely that Hart wrote it by himself,but we still do not know that he wrote it in English and then someone translated it,or he wrote it in Chinese first and then someone polished it.But until now contemporary historians, either Chinese or western,have found the original draft,and no one has translated the Chinese version to English yet. Without a proper translated version,readers can hardly understand how critical the piece was and how open-minded Prince Gong(恭親王l833-l898),the Cian(慈安 3 R.Smith,J.Fairbank and K.Bruner,Robert Hart and China's Early Modernization,His Journals, 1863-1866(Cambridge MA.Harvard University Press,1991),285-288. 4 Hart entitled this piece'A Bystander's View'but there are two Chinese titles of'A Bystander's View' In the beginning,it was entitled旁親者論but then became局外旁親論.The better translation of局 should be 'An Outsider's Bystanding View'.But for the consistence in this article,this piece is hereafter 'A Bystander's View'. Juliet Bredon entitled this piece 'What a Bystander say'... 22 of the sixty-five documents. From these translations it becomes possible for us to perceive Teng’s and Fairbanks’ mentalities towards nineteenth-century China. As it is always difficult, the work of translating literary Chinese to English is continuously picked up by historians in different generations. P. Cheng and M. Lestz with J. Spence eds., The Search for Modern China: A Documentary Collection (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1999). The editing of this book is to help readers to advance their understanding of J. Spence, The Search for Modern China ((New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1999). As The Search for Modern China covers from late Ming to the People’s Republic, the selected essays in The Search for Modern China: A Documentary Collection also start from ??? to PRC President Jiang Zemin’s New Year’s Greeting to Taiwan compatriots in 1995. These two books focus on Chinese people’s essays but essays written by foreigners in China are not selected in the two books. The reason why ‘A Bystander’s View’ should be translated is that though John Fairbank’s research team studied the Chinese version of ‘A Bystander’s View’ and summarised Hart’s arguments in three pages,3 the piece was quoted from Chouban Yiwu Shimo (A Complete Account of the Management of Barbaric Affairs), Tongzhi vol. XL, 13-22. There remain questions that whether the original version of ‘A Bystander’s View’ of Sir Robert Hart is English or Chinese.4 According to the style of the piece, it seems very unlikely that Hart wrote it by himself, but we still do not know that he wrote it in English and then someone translated it, or he wrote it in Chinese first and then someone polished it. But until now contemporary historians, either Chinese or western, have found the original draft, and no one has translated the Chinese version to English yet. Without a proper translated version, readers can hardly understand how critical the piece was and how open-minded Prince Gong (恭親王 1833-1898), the Cian (慈安 3 R. Smith, J. Fairbank and K. Bruner, Robert Hart and China’s Early Modernization, His Journals, 1863-1866 (Cambridge MA, Harvard University Press, 1991), 285-288. 4 Hart entitled this piece ‘A Bystander’s View’ but there are two Chinese titles of ‘A Bystander’s View’. In the beginning, it was entitled 旁觀者論 but then became 局外旁觀論. The better translation of 局 外旁觀論 should be ‘An Outsider’s Bystanding View’. But for the consistence in this article, this piece is hereafter ‘A Bystander’s View’. Juliet Bredon entitled this piece ‘What a Bystander say’…