Archaisms古词语 are words or forms that were once in common use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use Neologisms tita are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on new meanings denizens Af ia are words borrowed early in the past and now are well assimilated into the English language Alen非同化词 are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spellin Translation-loans. fH ii Translation-loans are words and expressions formed from the existing material in the English language but modelled on the patterns taken from another language Semantic-loans fE Xi Words of this category are not borrowed with reference to the form. But their meanings are borrowed Content word: the basic word stock is the foundation of the vocabulary which accumulated over centuries and forms the common core of the language. It is the most important part of vocabulary Creation: the formation of new words by using the existing materials, namely roots affixes and other elements. Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new meaning to meet the new need Morpheme: the smallest meaningful unit in a language Allomorph: any of the different forms of a morpheme Free morpheme: a linguistic form which can be used on its own as a word Bound morpheme a form(morpheme )which can not he used alone hut must be used with another morpheme Bound morphemes include hound roots and affixes Affixes: forms that are attached to words or word elements to mod ify meani function Prefixation(suffixation): is the formation of new words by add ing prefixes(suffixes) to stem Inflectional affixes: affixes attached to the end of words to ind icate grammatical relationships Derivational affixes: affixes added to other morphemes to create new wordArchaisms 古词语 are words or forms that were once in common use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. Neologisms 新词语 are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on new meanings. denizens 同化词 are words borrowed early in the past and now are well assimilated into the English language. Alien 非同化词 are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling. Translation-loans. 借译词 Translation-loans are words and expressions formed from the existing material in the English language but modelled on the patterns taken from another language. Semantic-loans 借义词 Words of this category are not borrowed with reference to the form. But their meanings are borrowed. Content word: the basic word stock is the foundation of the vocabulary ,which accumulated over centuries and forms the common core of the language. It is the most important part of vocabulary. Creation : the formation of new words by using the existing materials, namely roots, affixes and other elements. Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new meaning to meet the new need. Morpheme: the smallest meaningful unit in a language Allomorph: any of the different forms of a morpheme Free morpheme: a linguistic form which can be used on its own as a word Bound morpheme: a form (morpheme) which can not he used alone hut must be used with another morpheme. Bound morphemes include hound roots and affixes Affixes: forms that are attached to words or word elements to modify meaning or function Prefixation(suffixation): is the formation of new words by adding prefixes(suffixes) to stem Inflectional affixes: affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships Derivational affixes: affixes added to other morphemes to create new words