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第2期 张文娟等:钢铁生产过程系统的能耗可靠性评价 ·229· (邓正龙.化工系统可靠性和可靠性节能.化学工程.1983 4结论 (4):81) (1)本文在原有系统可靠性研究的基础上,提 [6]Wang G,Bai H.Cang D Q,et al.Mathematical model for diag- nosis of energy consumption bottlenecks in steel plants and its ap- 出并探讨了钢铁生产过程系统的能耗可靠性.能耗 plication.J Univ Sci Technol Beijing,2009,31(9):1195 可靠度是其量度指标,它是指在规定时间内,一定物 (王刚,白浩,苍大强,等.钢铁企业能耗瓶颈诊断数学模型及 料和工艺条件下,钢铁生产过程系统实现最大能效 应用.北京科技大学学报,2009.31(9):1195) 的程度.工序能效随着能耗可靠度的增加而增加, [7]Khan F I,Abbasi S A.Major accidents in process industries and 同一过程系统在不同的规定时间内能耗可靠度 an analysis of causes and consequences.Loss Pre Process Ind. 1999.12(5):361 不同. [8]Gruhu G.System Verfahrenstechnik Volume 2).Lu Z W,Trans- (2)某特钢厂电炉月平均吨钢能耗随能耗可靠 lated.Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,1986 度的增加呈下降趋势,2006一2009年,电炉月平均 (格隆G.过程系统工程(下册).陆震维译.北京:化学工业 工序能耗由原来的1.707G小t-降至1.431Gt-, 出版社,1986) 相应地,其能耗可靠度由0.68提高到0.72 [9]Chen G.Development of process energy intensity formula under different state variables.Harbin Inst Technol Nenc Ser,2004,11 (3)运用贡献指数概念对国内某特殊钢厂的能 (6):694 耗可靠度进行分析.结果表明:从2006年至今,某 [10]Riedinger D.Opfermann A.Vogel A.The time balance of the 特殊钢厂能耗可靠性提高的主要原因是炉料结构和 electric arc furnace.MPT Metall Plant Technol Int,2009,32 产品结构的变化,而统计期内非正常生产和停产工 (1):22 况的发生率及各工况的平均能流强度对能耗可靠性 [11]Duan J P.Zhang Y L,Yang X M.EAF steelmaking process with increasing hot metal charging ratio and improving slagging re- 变化的影响不明显,因此还需从具体的生产故障及 gime.Int J Miner Metall Mater,2009,16(4):375 用能结构等方面对能耗可靠度进行进一步研究. [12]Kirschen M.Risonarta V,Pfeifer H.Energy efficiency and the influence of gas bumers to the energy related carbon dioxide emis- 参考文献 sion of electric arc furnaces in steel industry.Energy.2009,34 [1]Liu Q.Research on Mode Optimization of Modern BOF Steelmaking (9):1065 Workshop for Long Products Dissertation ]Beijing:University of [13]Wang B,Liu Q,Zhang WJ,et al.Reliability and its evaluation Science and Technology Beijing,2002 of steel manufacturing process system.Chin Rare Earth Soc. (刘青.现代长材型转炉炼钢厂的模式优化研究[学位论文] 2010,28(Suppl1):531 北京:北京科技大学,2002) (王宝,刘青,张文娟,等.钢铁制造过程系统的可靠性及其 [2]Yin R Y.Metallurgical Process Engineering.Beijing:Metallurgi- 评价.中国稀土学报,2010,28(增刊1):531) cal Industry Press.2004 [14]Cai J J.Theoretical study on energy flow network in steel manu- (殷瑞钰.治金流程工程学.北京:治金工业出版社,2004) facturing process Xiangshan Science Proceedings.Beijing. [3]Wang W X.Huang J.Review of technological development of BF 2009:39 ironmaking in China.Iron Steel,2007,42(3):1 (蔡九菊.关于钢铁制造流程能量流网络若干问题的理论研 (王维兴,黄洁.中国高炉炼铁技术发展评述.钢铁,2007,42 究11香山科学会议文集.北京,2009:39) (3):1) [15]Opfermann A,Riedinger D.Energy Efficiency of Electric Arc Fur- [4]Wu L M.Chen B S,Bor Y C.et al.Structure model of energy ef- nace [R/OL].[2011-0-5].http://www.bstinc.com/wEn- ficiency indicators and applications.Energy Policy,2007,35 glisch/Downloads/Publications.php?navanchor =1110007 (7):3768 [16]Fleischer M,Greinacher J,Hamy M,et al.Maintenance at min- [5]Deng Z L.System reliability and energy saving of chemical indus- imills:effective,but also efficient?Iron Steel Technol,2008,5 try.Chem Eng,1983(4):81 (2):43第 2 期 张文娟等: 钢铁生产过程系统的能耗可靠性评价 4 结论 ( 1) 本文在原有系统可靠性研究的基础上,提 出并探讨了钢铁生产过程系统的能耗可靠性. 能耗 可靠度是其量度指标,它是指在规定时间内,一定物 料和工艺条件下,钢铁生产过程系统实现最大能效 的程度. 工序能效随着能耗可靠度的增加而增加, 同一过程系统在不同的规定时间内能耗可靠度 不同. ( 2) 某特钢厂电炉月平均吨钢能耗随能耗可靠 度的增加呈下降趋势,2006—2009 年,电炉月平均 工序能耗由原来的 1. 707 GJ·t - 1 降至 1. 431 GJ·t - 1 , 相应地,其能耗可靠度由 0. 68 提高到 0. 72. ( 3) 运用贡献指数概念对国内某特殊钢厂的能 耗可靠度进行分析. 结果表明: 从 2006 年至今,某 特殊钢厂能耗可靠性提高的主要原因是炉料结构和 产品结构的变化,而统计期内非正常生产和停产工 况的发生率及各工况的平均能流强度对能耗可靠性 变化的影响不明显,因此还需从具体的生产故障及 用能结构等方面对能耗可靠度进行进一步研究. 参 考 文 献 [1] Liu Q. Research on Mode Optimization of Modern BOF Steelmaking Workshop for Long Products[Dissertation]. Beijing: University of Science and Technology Beijing,2002 ( 刘青. 现代长材型转炉炼钢厂的模式优化研究[学位论文]. 北京: 北京科技大学,2002) [2] Yin R Y. Metallurgical Process Engineering. Beijing: Metallurgi￾cal Industry Press,2004 ( 殷瑞钰. 冶金流程工程学. 北京: 冶金工业出版社,2004) [3] Wang W X,Huang J. Review of technological development of BF ironmaking in China. Iron Steel,2007,42( 3) : 1 ( 王维兴,黄洁. 中国高炉炼铁技术发展评述. 钢铁,2007,42 ( 3) : 1) [4] Wu L M,Chen B S,Bor Y C,et al. Structure model of energy ef￾ficiency indicators and applications. Energy Policy,2007,35 ( 7) : 3768 [5] Deng Z L. System reliability and energy saving of chemical indus￾try. Chem Eng,1983( 4) : 81 ( 邓正龙. 化工系统可靠性和可靠性节能. 化学工程,1983 ( 4) : 81) [6] Wang G,Bai H,Cang D Q,et al. Mathematical model for diag￾nosis of energy consumption bottlenecks in steel plants and its ap￾plication. J Univ Sci Technol Beijing,2009,31( 9) : 1195 ( 王刚,白浩,苍大强,等. 钢铁企业能耗瓶颈诊断数学模型及 应用. 北京科技大学学报,2009,31( 9) : 1195) [7] Khan F I,Abbasi S A. Major accidents in process industries and an analysis of causes and consequences. J Loss Prev Process Ind, 1999,12( 5) : 361 [8] Gruhu G. System Verfahrenstechnik ( Volume 2) . Lu Z W,Trans￾lated. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press,1986 ( 格隆 G. 过程系统工程( 下册) . 陆震维译. 北京: 化学工业 出版社,1986) [9] Chen G. Development of process energy intensity formula under different state variables. J Harbin Inst Technol New Ser,2004,11 ( 6) : 694 [10] Riedinger D,Opfermann A,Vogel A. The time balance of the electric arc furnace. MPT Metall Plant Technol Int,2009,32 ( 1) : 22 [11] Duan J P,Zhang Y L,Yang X M. EAF steelmaking process with increasing hot metal charging ratio and improving slagging re￾gime. Int J Miner Metall Mater,2009,16( 4) : 375 [12] Kirschen M,Risonarta V,Pfeifer H. Energy efficiency and the influence of gas burners to the energy related carbon dioxide emis￾sion of electric arc furnaces in steel industry. Energy,2009,34 ( 9) : 1065 [13] Wang B,Liu Q,Zhang W J,et al. Reliability and its evaluation of steel manufacturing process system. J Chin Rare Earth Soc, 2010,28( Suppl 1) : 531 ( 王宝,刘青,张文娟,等. 钢铁制造过程系统的可靠性及其 评价. 中国稀土学报,2010,28( 增刊 1) : 531) [14] Cai J J. Theoretical study on energy flow network in steel manu￾facturing process / / Xiangshan Science Proceedings. Beijing, 2009: 39 ( 蔡九菊. 关于钢铁制造流程能量流网络若干问题的理论研 究 / / 香山科学会议文集. 北京,2009: 39) [15] Opfermann A,Riedinger D. Energy Efficiency of Electric Arc Fur￾nace[R/OL]. [2011-10-15]. http: / /www. bstinc. com/wEn￾glisch /Downloads/Publications. php? navanchor = 1110007 [16] Fleischer M,Greinacher J,Hamy M,et al. Maintenance at min￾imills: effective,but also efficient? Iron Steel Technol,2008,5 ( 2) : 43 ·229·
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