上游充通大粤 e SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Introduction:Surface energy Surface energy based on Gibbs free energy dG=-SdT +VaP+ydA OH OF A TP OA A T.P Commonly observed manifestations A liquid droplet tries to minimize its free energy,it assumes a spherical shape Small droplets tend to agglomerate into larger droplets,minimizing their combined surface-to-volume ratios Small particles of metals or ceramics,when pressed into a shape and heated at high temperatures,.will“sinter”into a solid mass. 3Introduction: Surface energy 3