Excess burden and epidemiological costs Excess burden:the cost associated with the activities people undertake in order to avoid a disease Cost of missed work/school days Cost of vaccines,face masks,condoms Lost tourism in malaria-infested regions Epidemiological cost:direct costs of a disease Pain and suffering from symptoms ▣Cost of medical care Reduced life expectancy Oftentimes,we forget to consider excess burden when considering an epidemic's "cost' Total economic cost epidemiological cost excess burden Bhattacharya,Hyde and Tu-HealthEconomics Bhattacharya, Hyde and Tu – Health Economics Excess burden and epidemiological costs  Excess burden: the cost associated with the activities people undertake in order to avoid a disease  Cost of missed work/school days  Cost of vaccines, face masks, condoms  Lost tourism in malaria-infested regions  Epidemiological cost: direct costs of a disease  Pain and suffering from symptoms  Cost of medical care  Reduced life expectancy  Oftentimes, we forget to consider excess burden when considering an epidemic’ s “cost” Total economic cost = epidemiological cost + excess burden