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·现场经验·吴晓发电厂散装机开关的改进 75 3.2在散装机上的应用及其工作原理 如图3所示,当系统上电后,卷扬电机开始下 控制柜 散装机 降,同时仪用鼓风机启动,气动电磁换向阀处于右边 上限压力开关 位置,开始对下限软管和下限压力开关充气,当散装 下限压力开关 机到达下限后,下限软管内气体受阻,下限压力开关 气动电磁 囟 上限软管 换向阀 动作,表示散装机下落至下限,开始启动抽尘风机和 下限 给料机给料,气动电磁换向阀换至中间位置,开始对 料位压力开关 软管 料位软管 料位软管充气,当汽车罐内料位上升至料位软管出 仪用蚊风机 口处时,料位软管内气体受阻,料位压力开关动作, 表示料位己满,关闭给料机。气动电磁换向阀换至左 图3隔膜式压力开关在散装机上应用示意图 边位置,启动上限软管充气,当散装机到达上限时, Fig 3 Application of the septum pressure switch 上限软管内气体受阻,上限压力开关动作,表示散装 to the down loadng machne 机到达上限,卷扬电机、抽尘风机、仪用鼓风机停止, 一个循环结束。 4 结语 3.3隔膜压力开关的优点 50多家电厂20多年的使用情况统计如下:原 a.抗静电干扰由于处于现场的是软管,不受 散装机平均年故障次数为328次,平均无故障时间 静电干扰,而压力开关安装在电器柜内远离现场,可 为25h。而改进后的新型散装机通过2年多时间的 避免振动、灰尘噪声等污染。 应用,平均年故障次数为Q5次,平均无故障时间为 b.抗灰尘恶劣环境以及干扰:因为软管内气 15万h以上。改进后的散装机开关已在30多家电厂 体是向外吹的,有自清扫功能,软管具有抗恶劣环 使用。 境、振动、噪声等功能,且电器触点由橡胶隔膜隔开, 无粉尘污染,橡胶隔膜稳定可靠,使用寿命可达10 吴晓(1964一),男,硕士,讲师,从事火电厂机电设备 年之久。 技术改造的研制与开发工作。Emai让w ux iao6666@163net MPROVEMENTOF NEW TYPE DOW NLOAD NGMACHIE I POW ER PLANT W uX iao (East China Shpbuilding Institute,Zhenjiang 212002,China) Key words dow nloading machine pow dered coal ash pressure sw itches location s itches reliability (上接第73页continued from page73) NOVEL METHODS FOR SAM PL NG PERDD ADJUSIM ENT N EL ECTR ICAL PARAM ETER M EASUREM ENT Pan H ua,H uang Chun',W ang L ianqun? (1 Hunan Province EHV Transm ission and Transfomaton Company,Changsha 410002,China) (2 Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China) Abstract In high precison digital measurement of power electrical parameters,the synchronous error is one of the main factors that cause measuring errors while sampling period adjustment is an mportant means of reducing synchronous errors In this paper,based on an investigaton of traditionalmethods for adjusting the samp ling period,some novelmethods,such as sampling period optm ization,sectional adjustment and dynam ic adjustment,are proposed These new methods are easy to realize and can be widely applied Compared w ith the traditional ones,the new methods can more effectively reduce synchronous errors and mprove measuring accuracy.Their feasibility and effectiveness have been proved by both sm ulaton results and research p ractice This project is supported by Electric Power Science and Technolgy Key Project in Hunan Province (No.20003007 and N0.20003027) Key words:AC sampling synchronization sampling period electrical parameter :measurement 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.All rights reserved.http://www.cnki.net© 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved. http://www.cnki.net 312 在散装机上的应用及其工作原理 如图 3 所示, 当系统上电后, 卷扬电机开始下 降, 同时仪用鼓风机启动, 气动电磁换向阀处于右边 位置, 开始对下限软管和下限压力开关充气, 当散装 机到达下限后, 下限软管内气体受阻, 下限压力开关 动作, 表示散装机下落至下限, 开始启动抽尘风机和 给料机给料, 气动电磁换向阀换至中间位置, 开始对 料位软管充气, 当汽车罐内料位上升至料位软管出 口处时, 料位软管内气体受阻, 料位压力开关动作, 表示料位已满, 关闭给料机。气动电磁换向阀换至左 边位置, 启动上限软管充气, 当散装机到达上限时, 上限软管内气体受阻, 上限压力开关动作, 表示散装 机到达上限, 卷扬电机、抽尘风机、仪用鼓风机停止, 一个循环结束。 313 隔膜压力开关的优点 a1 抗静电干扰: 由于处于现场的是软管, 不受 静电干扰, 而压力开关安装在电器柜内远离现场, 可 避免振动、灰尘、噪声等污染。 b1 抗灰尘、恶劣环境以及干扰: 因为软管内气 体是向外吹的, 有自清扫功能, 软管具有抗恶劣环 境、振动、噪声等功能, 且电器触点由橡胶隔膜隔开, 无粉尘污染, 橡胶隔膜稳定可靠, 使用寿命可达 10 年之久。 图 3 隔膜式压力开关在散装机上应用示意图 Fig. 3 Application of the septum pressure switch to the down loading machine 4 结语 50 多家电厂 20 多年的使用情况统计如下: 原 散装机平均年故障次数为 328 次, 平均无故障时间 为 25 h。而改进后的新型散装机通过 2 年多时间的 应用, 平均年故障次数为 0. 5 次, 平均无故障时间为 15 万 h以上。改进后的散装机开关已在 30 多家电厂 使用。 吴 晓(1964—) , 男, 硕士, 讲师, 从事火电厂机电设备 技术改造的研制与开发工作。E2m ail: w uxiao6666@163. net IM PROVEM ENT OF NEW TYPE DOW NLOAD INGM ACH INE IN POW ER PLANT W u X iao ; East Ch ina Sh ipbuilding InstituteΚZhenjiang 212002ΚCh inaΓ Key wordsΠdow nloading m ach ineΜpow dered coal ashΜp ressure sw itchesΜlocation sw itchesΜreliability (上接第 73 页 con tinued from page 73) NOVEL M ETHOD S FOR SAM PL ING PER IOD AD JUSTM ENT IN ELECTR ICAL PARAM ETER M EASUREM ENT P an H ua 1ΨH uang Chun 2ΨW ang L ianqun 2 ; 1. Hunan P rovince EHV T ransm ission and T ransfo rm ation CompanyΚChangsha 410002ΚCh inaΓ ; 2. Hunan U niversityΚChangsha 410082ΚCh inaΓ AbstractΠ In h igh p recision digital m easurem ent of pow er electrical param etersΚ the synch ronous erro r is one of the m ain facto rs that cause m easuring erro rs w h ile samp ling period adjustm ent is an impo rtant m eans of reducing synch ronous erro rs. In th is paperΚbased on an investigation of traditionalm ethods fo r adjusting the samp ling periodΚsom e novelm ethodsΚsuch as samp ling period op tim izationΚ sectional adjustm ent and dynam ic adjustm entΚ are p ropo sed. These new m ethods are easy to realize and can be w idely app lied. Compared w ith the traditional onesΚ the new m ethods can mo re effectively reduce synch ronous erro rs and imp rove m easuring accuracy. Their feasibility and effectiveness have been p roved by bo th sim ulation results and research p ractice. Th is p ro ject is suppo rted by Electric Pow er Science and Techno logy Key P ro ject in Hunan P rovince ;No. 20003007 and No. 20003027Γ. Key wordsΠAC samp lingΜsynch ronizationΜsamp ling periodΜelectrical param eterΜm easurem ent ·现场经验· 吴 晓 发电厂散装机开关的改进 75
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