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第7期 冯志明等:冷轧退火对共析珠光体钢组织球化超细化的影响 ,693 珠光体在冷轧变形90%后的延伸率很低,经过不同 3 温度和不同时间的退火后延伸率都有大幅度增加, 结论 在保温30min时延伸率就达到11%,此时的抗拉强 ()由于珠光体团的取向不同,冷轧片层状珠 度是700MPa,有较好的性能匹配;而传统球化退火 光体钢得到不均匀的组织.随着冷轧变形量的增 的珠光体钢的延伸率18%,抗拉强度540MPa.图8 加,渗碳体层片与轧制方向趋于平行排列,并且片层 是变形量90%的冷轧薄板在700℃退火保温不同时 厚度逐渐变薄 间的应力一应变曲线.在700℃退火的应力应变曲 (2)共析钢经冷轧后再结晶退火得到了颗粒状 线形状比较相似,没有明显屈服平台,加工硬化能力 的渗碳体弥散分布在铁素体上的双相结构钢,渗碳 很低,屈服强度与抗拉强度比较接近,屈强比高,曲 体通过先球化,后熟化长大,退火保温过程中铁素 线在达到最高强度后急剧下降而断裂,说明没有颈 体发生再结晶的同时细小渗碳体颗粒在晶内析出, 缩现象 (3)冷轧共析钢薄板结合700℃退火30min的 850 工艺可以获得强度韧性的较好匹配,但屈强比较高. 800 10 参考文献 750 中 [1]Valiev RZ.Mukherjee A K.Developing of SPD processing and 8 口-抗拉强度 enhanced properties in bulk nanostructured metals.Scripta 700 。一延伸率 6 ater,2001,44:1747 [2]Valiev RZ.Korznikov A V.Structure and properties of ultrafine- 650 grained materials produced by severe plastic deformation.Mater 600L Sci Eng.1993,A168.141 0 20 406080 100120 退火时间min [3]Akio O,Shiro T,Kotobu N.Strain-hardening due to dispersed cememtite for low carbon ultrafine grained steels.ISIJ Int.2004. 图7退火时间对抗拉强度和延伸率的影响 44.1063 Fig.7 Effect of annealing time on tensile strength and elongation [4]Koch CC,Morris D G.Lu K,et al.Ductility of nanostructured materials.Mater Res Soc Bull,1999,24:54 [5]Weertman J R.Farkas D,Hemker K,et al.Structured and me- 1000 chanical behavior of bulk nanocrystalline materials.Mater Res Soc Bul,1999,24,44 800 -10 min 30 min [6]Ma E.Instabilities and ductility of nanocrystalline and ultrafine 600 120 min grained metals.Scripta Mater.2003.49:663 [7]Furhara T,Mizoguchi T,Maki T.Ultra fine (a+0)duplex 400 structure formed by cold rolling and annealing of pearlite.ISI] 200 Int,2005,45:392 [8]贺毅,王学前。高碳钢快速球化退火工艺的研究.热加工工 00123456789101112 艺,2002,1:32 工程应变% [9]Schastlivtsev V M.Yakovleva I L.Kina E K.Crystallographic 图8冷轧退火后的工程应力一应变曲线 analysis of defects in cementite and evolution of the lamellar"perlite Fig.8 Engineering stress"strain curves by annealing of the cold- structure in carbon steel under annealing.Doklady Phys,47:451 rolled pearlite [10]Gavriljuk V G.Decomposition of cementite in pearlitic steel due to plastic deformation.Mater Sci Eng.2003.A345:81 (下转第711页)珠光体在冷轧变形90%后的延伸率很低.经过不同 温度和不同时间的退火后延伸率都有大幅度增加. 在保温30min 时延伸率就达到11%‚此时的抗拉强 度是700MPa‚有较好的性能匹配;而传统球化退火 的珠光体钢的延伸率18%‚抗拉强度540MPa.图8 是变形量90%的冷轧薄板在700℃退火保温不同时 间的应力-应变曲线.在700℃退火的应力应变曲 线形状比较相似‚没有明显屈服平台‚加工硬化能力 很低‚屈服强度与抗拉强度比较接近‚屈强比高.曲 线在达到最高强度后急剧下降而断裂‚说明没有颈 缩现象. 图7 退火时间对抗拉强度和延伸率的影响 Fig.7 Effect of annealing time on tensile strength and elongation 图8 冷轧退火后的工程应力-应变曲线 Fig.8 Engineering stress-strain curves by annealing of the cold￾rolled pearlite 3 结论 (1) 由于珠光体团的取向不同‚冷轧片层状珠 光体钢得到不均匀的组织.随着冷轧变形量的增 加‚渗碳体层片与轧制方向趋于平行排列‚并且片层 厚度逐渐变薄. (2) 共析钢经冷轧后再结晶退火得到了颗粒状 的渗碳体弥散分布在铁素体上的双相结构钢‚渗碳 体通过先球化‚后熟化长大.退火保温过程中铁素 体发生再结晶的同时细小渗碳体颗粒在晶内析出. (3) 冷轧共析钢薄板结合700℃退火30min 的 工艺可以获得强度韧性的较好匹配‚但屈强比较高. 参 考 文 献 [1] Valiev R Z‚Mukherjee A K.Developing of SPD processing and enhanced properties in bulk nanostructured metals. Scripta Mater‚2001‚44:1747 [2] Valiev R Z‚Korznikov A V.Structure and properties of ultrafine￾grained materials produced by severe plastic deformation.Mater Sci Eng‚1993‚A168:141 [3] Akio O‚Shiro T‚Kotobu N.Strain-hardening due to dispersed cememtite for low carbon ultrafine-grained steels.ISIJ Int‚2004‚ 44:1063 [4] Koch C C‚Morris D G‚Lu K‚et al.Ductility of nanostructured materials.Mater Res Soc Bull‚1999‚24:54 [5] Weertman J R‚Farkas D‚Hemker K‚et al.Structured and me￾chanical behavior of bulk nanocrystalline materials.Mater Res Soc Bull‚1999‚24:44 [6] Ma E.Instabilities and ductility of nanocrystalline and ultrafine￾grained metals.Scripta Mater‚2003‚49:663 [7] Furhara T‚Mizoguchi T‚Maki T.Ultra-fine (α+θ) duplex structure formed by cold rolling and annealing of pearlite.ISIJ Int‚2005‚45:392 [8] 贺毅‚王学前.高碳钢快速球化退火工艺的研究.热加工工 艺‚2002‚1:32 [9] Schastlivtsev V M‚Yakovleva I L‚Kina E K.Crystallographic analysis of defects in cementite and evolution of the lamellar-perlite structure in carbon steel under annealing.Doklady Phys‚47:451 [10] Gavriljuk V G.Decomposition of cementite in pearlitic steel due to plastic deformation.Mater Sci Eng‚2003‚A345:81 (下转第711页) 第7期 冯志明等: 冷轧退火对共析珠光体钢组织球化超细化的影响 ·693·
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