fines and "cruel and unusual punishments Ninth amendment:the retention by the people of rights that are not enumerated in the Constitution Tenth amendment:the retention by the states or by the people of powers not delegated to the national government Conflict between majority rule and minority rights: fundamental liberties and rights are safeguarded by the court system.fines and “cruel and unusual punishments” v Ninth amendment: the retention by the people of rights that are not enumerated in the Constitution v Tenth amendment: the retention by the states or by the people of powers not delegated to the national government v Conflict between majority rule and minority rights: fundamental liberties and rights are safeguarded by the court system