When the Money Stops There are still some puzzles to unravel.We still need De Vries,Catherine E,and Nathalie Giger.2014."Holding Gov- to explore how changes in remittances might chan- ernments Accountable?Individual Heterogeneity in Performance nel egocentric and sociotropic evaluations in different Voting."European Journal of Political Research 53 (2):345- 62. ways and what this might mean for incumbent support Downs.Anthony.1957."An Economic Theory of Political Action in We were constrained by our data in this respect.We a Democracy."Journal of Political Economy 65 (2):135-50. also need to further explore the mechanisms underly Doyle,David.2015."Remittances and Social Spending."American ing the political consequences of fluctuations in remit- Political Science Review 109 (4):785-802. tances.Based on the observational data at our disposal Duch,Raymond M.,and Randolph T.Stevenson.2008.The Eco- nomic Vote:How Political and Economic Institutions Condition here,the empirical evidence seems largely suggestive Election Results.New York,NY:Cambridge University Press. of a misattribution mechanism.Nonetheless.we think Escriba-Folch,Abel,Covadonga Meseguer,and Joseph Wright.2015. a fruitful avenue of future research would be to try "Remittances and Democratization."International Studies Ouar- to disentangle the difference between the misattribu- tery59(3):571-86. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.2010.Life tion and treatment responsibility mechanisms through in Transition:After the Crisis.Report by Chief Economist Erik carefully designed experiments.These remain impor- Berglof.URL:http://www.ebrd.com/downloads/research/surveys/ tant avenues for future work lits2p.pdf(accessed 11th of July 2017). Fajnzylber,Pablo,and J.Humberto Lopez.2008.Remittances and De- velopment:Lessons from Latin America.Washington D.C:World SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Bank Publications. Fiorina,Morris.P.1981.Retrospective Voting in American National Elections.New Haven,CT:Yale University Press. To view supplementary material for this article,please Freedom House.2010.Nations in Transit:Kyrgyzstan.Retrieved visit https:/doi.org/10.1017/S0003055418000485 April 18,2018 (https://freedomhouse.org/report/nations-transit/ Replication materials can be found on Dataverse at: 2010/kyrgyzstan). https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/MO3KOQ. Freedom House.2014.Nations in Transit:Kyrgyzstan.Retrieved April 18.2018 (https://freedomhouse.org/report/nations-transit/ 2014/kyrgyzstan). Fumagalli,Matteo.2016."Semi-Presidentialism in Kyrgyzstan."In REFERENCES Semi-Presidentialism in the Caucasus and Central Asia,eds. Robert Elgie and Sophia Moestrup.London:Palgrave MacMillan. 'asn Abdih,Yasser,Ralph Chami,Jihad Dagher,and Peter Montiel.2012. 173-205. "Remittances and Institutions:Are Remittances a Curse?"World Germano,Roy.2010.The Political Economy of Remittances:Emigra- Development 40(4):657-66. tion,Social Insurance Provision,and Political Behavior in Mexico Acevedo,Jesse.2016.Move,Work,Save,Send:The Political Econ- PhD Dissertation,Department of Political Science,The Univer- omy of Migration and Remittances.PhD dissertation,Department sity of Texas at Austin.Accessible online at:https://repositories. of Political Science,University of California,Los Angeles. lib.utexas.edu/handle/2152/ETD-UT-2010-08-1812 Ahmed,Faisal Z.2012."The Perils of Unearned Foreign Income Germano,Roy.2013."Migrants'Remittances and Economic Vot Aid,Remittances,and Government Survival."American Political ing in the Mexican Countryside."Electoral Studies 32 (4): Science Review 106(1):146-65. 873-85. 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Life in Transition Survey.2010.After the Crisis.European Bank Cornelius,Wayne A.,and Marc R.Rosenblum.2005."Immigration for Reconstruction and Development,doi:http://www.ebrd.com/ and Politics."Annual Review of Political Science 8:99-119. downloads/research/economics/Technical_Report.pdf. 773When the Money Stops There are still some puzzles to unravel. We still need to explore how changes in remittances might chan￾nel egocentric and sociotropic evaluations in different ways and what this might mean for incumbent support. We were constrained by our data in this respect. We also need to further explore the mechanisms underly￾ing the political consequences of fluctuations in remit￾tances. Based on the observational data at our disposal here, the empirical evidence seems largely suggestive of a misattribution mechanism. Nonetheless, we think a fruitful avenue of future research would be to try to disentangle the difference between the misattribu￾tion and treatment responsibility mechanisms through carefully designed experiments. These remain impor￾tant avenues for future work. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL To view supplementary material for this article, please visit https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055418000485 Replication materials can be found on Dataverse at: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/MO3KOQ. REFERENCES Abdih, Yasser, Ralph Chami, Jihad Dagher, and Peter Montiel. 2012. “Remittances and Institutions: Are Remittances a Curse?” World Development 40 (4): 657–66. Acevedo, Jesse. 2016. Move, Work, Save, Send: The Political Econ￾omy of Migration and Remittances. PhD dissertation, Department of Political Science, University of California, Los Angeles. Ahmed, Faisal Z. 2012. “The Perils of Unearned Foreign Income: Aid, Remittances, and Government Survival.” American Political Science Review 106 (1): 146–65. Ahmed, Faisal Z. 2017. “Remittances and Incumbency: Theory and Evidence.” Economics & Politics 29 (1): 22–47. Aparicio, Francisco Javier, and Covadonga Meseguer. 2012. “Collec￾tive Remittances and the State: The 3× 1 Program in Mexican Mu￾nicipalities.” World Development 40 (1): 206–22. Ashworth, Scott, Ethan Bueno de Mesquita, and Amanda Frieden￾berg. 2018. “Learning about Voter Rationality.” American Journal of Political Science 62 (1): 37–54. Barajas, Adolfo, Ralph Chami, Connel Fullenkamp, Michael Gapen, and Peter J. Montiel. 2009. “Do Workers’ Remittances Promote Economic Growth?” IMF Working Papers 09 (153): 1–22. Bravo, Jorge. 2012. “Credit where Credit is Due? Remittances, Economic Assessments, and Presidential Approval in Latin America.” Working Paper, Niehaus Center for Globalization and Governance, Princeton University. Accessible online at: http://www.princeton.edu/politics/about/file-repository/public/ credit.where.credit.is.due.W.pdf Brück, Tilman, Damir Esenaliev, Antje Kroeger, Alma Kudebayeva, Bakhrom Mirkasimov, and Susan Steiner. 2014. “Household Sur￾vey Data for Research on Well-Being and Behavior in Central Asia.” Journal of Comparative Economics 42 (3): 819–35. Campello, Daniella, and Cesar Zucco Jr. 2016. “Presidential Success and the World Economy.” The Journal of Politics 78 (2): 589–602. Campello, Daniella, and Cesar Zucco Jr. 2017. “Rewarding Merit or Luck? The Competency Signal in Comparative Perspective.” Pa￾per presented at the American Political Science Annual Conference, San Francisco, August 31 – September 3. Chaudhry, Kiren Aziz. 1997. The Price of Wealth: Economies and In￾stitutions in the Middle East. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. Córdova, Abby, and Jonathan Hiskey. 2015. “Shaping Politics at Home: Cross-Border Social Ties and Local-Level Political En￾gagement.” Comparative Political Studies 48 (11): 1454–87. Cornelius, Wayne A., and Marc R. Rosenblum. 2005. “Immigration and Politics.” Annual Review of Political Science 8: 99–119. De Vries, Catherine E., and Nathalie Giger. 2014. “Holding Gov￾ernments Accountable? Individual Heterogeneity in Performance Voting.” European Journal of Political Research 53 (2): 345– 62. Downs, Anthony. 1957. “An Economic Theory of Political Action in a Democracy.” Journal of Political Economy 65 (2): 135–50. Doyle, David. 2015. “Remittances and Social Spending.” American Political Science Review 109 (4): 785–802. Duch, Raymond M., and Randolph T. Stevenson. 2008. The Eco￾nomic Vote: How Political and Economic Institutions Condition Election Results. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Escribà-Folch,Abel, Covadonga Meseguer, and Joseph Wright. 2015. “Remittances and Democratization.” International Studies Quar￾terly 59 (3): 571–86. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. 2010. Life in Transition: After the Crisis. Report by Chief Economist Erik Berglof. URL: http://www.ebrd.com/downloads/research/surveys/ lits2p.pdf (accessed 11th of July 2017). Fajnzylber, Pablo, and J.Humberto Lopez. 2008.Remittances and De￾velopment: Lessons from Latin America. Washington D.C.: World Bank Publications. Fiorina, Morris. P. 1981. Retrospective Voting in American National Elections. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Freedom House. 2010. Nations in Transit: Kyrgyzstan. Retrieved April 18, 2018 (https://freedomhouse.org/report/nations-transit/ 2010/kyrgyzstan). Freedom House. 2014. Nations in Transit: Kyrgyzstan. Retrieved April 18, 2018 (https://freedomhouse.org/report/nations-transit/ 2014/kyrgyzstan). Fumagalli, Matteo. 2016. “Semi-Presidentialism in Kyrgyzstan.” In Semi-Presidentialism in the Caucasus and Central Asia, eds. Robert Elgie and Sophia Moestrup. London: Palgrave MacMillan, 173–205. Germano, Roy. 2010.The Political Economy of Remittances: Emigra￾tion, Social Insurance Provision, and Political Behavior in Mexico. PhD Dissertation, Department of Political Science, The Univer￾sity of Texas at Austin. Accessible online at: https://repositories. lib.utexas.edu/handle/2152/ETD-UT-2010-08-1812 Germano, Roy. 2013. “Migrants’ Remittances and Economic Vot￾ing in the Mexican Countryside.” Electoral Studies 32 (4): 875–85. Gomez, Brad T., and J. Matthew Wilson. 2001. “Political Sophistica￾tion and Economic Voting in the American Electorate: A Theory of Heterogeneous Attribution.” American Journal of Political Sci￾ence 45 (4): 899–914. Healy, Andrew, Alexander G. Kuo, and Neil Malhotra. 2014. “Parti￾san Bias in Blame Attribution: When Does it Occur?” Journal of Experimental Political Science 1 (2): 144–58. International Monetary Fund. 2016.Kyrgyz Republic: Selected Issues. Washington D.C.: IMF Country Report No. 16/56. Javeline, Debra. 2003. “The Role of Blame in Collective Action: Evi￾dence from Russia.”American Political Science Review 97 (1): 107– 21. Kayser, Mark Andreas, and Michael Peress. 2012. “Benchmark￾ing Across Borders: Electoral Accountability and The Neces￾sity of Comparison.” American Political Science Review 106 (3): 661–84. Kramer, Gerald. H. 1971. “Short-Term Fluctuations in US voting Be￾havior, 1896–1964.” American Political Science Review 65 (1): 131– 43. Leblang, David. 2017. “Harnessing the Diaspora: Dual Citizenship, Migrant Remittances and Return.” Comparative Political Studies 50 (1): 75–101. Leigh, Andrew. 2009. “Does the World Economy Swing National Elections?” Oxford Bulletin for Economics and Statistics 71 (2): 163–81. Levitt,Peggy. 2001.The Transnational Villagers. Berkeley:University of California Press. Life in Transition Survey. 2006.A Survey of People’s Experiences and Attitudes. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, doi: http://www.ebrd.com/news/publications/special-reports/ life-in-transition-survey-i.html. Life in Transition Survey. 2010. After the Crisis. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, doi: http://www.ebrd.com/ downloads/research/economics/Technical_Report.pdf. 773 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. Shanghai JiaoTong University, on 26 Oct 2018 at 03:53:04, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055418000485