工程科学学报.第42卷.第5期：578-585.2020年5月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.42,No.5:578-585,May 2020 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.04.08.002;http://cje.ustb.edu.cn 盐酸法富集低品位锰矿及酸介质高值再生工艺 吕东亚，马保中四，陈永强，张永禄，王成彦，雷蒙恩 北京科技大学治金与生态工程学院.，北京100083 ☒通信作者，E-mail:bzhma@126.com 摘要针对印度尼西亚某低品位锰矿，提出盐酸法富集与酸介质高值再生的工艺，借助X射线衍射分析，光学显微镜和电 子显微镜等表征方法进行工艺矿物学分析.结果表明：该锰矿矿物组成简单，主要由方解石、软锰矿和少量菱锰矿、褐铁矿、 高岭石等组成.筛析结果显示该锰矿粒度越小，锰含量相对越高.粗碎后以2m筛孔的筛子过筛可得到锰质量分数 为33.32%的锰中矿.锰中矿盐酸直接浸出的最佳条件为：浸出pH3.0、浸出时间1.5h、搅拌转速200rmin、液固比 4:1mLg,此条件下产出的锰精矿品位为54.50%，钙质量分数为0.57%.常温下盐酸再生可产出二水硫酸钙晶须，其长径比 可达50以上.再生盐酸返回浸出锰中矿，产出的锰精矿品位为52.16%.钙质量分数为1.39%，验证了该工艺流程的可行性 X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析结果显示产出的锰精矿主要组成成分为软锰矿，杂质为少量褐铁矿、高岭石等.酸介 质循环时杂质将逐渐积累，当镁离子质量浓度积累到9674gL~时，采用水解沉淀法进行除杂. 关键词低品位锰矿：盐酸法：富集：酸介质再生：硫酸钙晶须 分类号TD981 Beneficiation of low-grade manganese ore by hydrochloric acid leaching and high- value regeneration of acid medium LU Dong-ya,MA Bao-zhong,CHEN Yong-giang,ZHANG Yong-lu,WANG Cheng-yan,LEI Meng-en School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail:bzhma@126.com ABSTRACT Nowadays,the high-grade manganese ore resources available in the world are run out gradually,while the demand for manganese is increasing;therefore,it is of great significance to research how to exploit and utilize abundant low-grade manganese ore resources economically and effectively.Aiming at the low-grade manganese ore in Indonesia,the process of beneficiating manganese ore by hydrochloric acid leaching and high-value regeneration of acid medium was proposed in this paper.Process mineralogy analyses were performed using X-ray diffraction,optical microscopy,and electron microscopy.The results show that the mineral composition mainly contains calcite and pyrolusite,followed by a small amount of pyrolusite,limonite,and kaolinite.The results of sieve analyses demonstrate that the manganese content in the manganese ore increases with the decrease of particle size.After coarse crushing. manganese middlings with manganese content of 33.32%(mass fraction)can be obtained by screening at 2 mm.The optimum conditions for leaching manganese middlings directly by hydrochloric acid are as follows:leaching pH is 3.0,leaching time is 1.5 h,rotating speed of agitator is 200 r-min,and liquid-solid ratio is 4:I mLg-.The grade of manganese concentrates obtained under the optimum conditions is 54.50%(mass fraction),and the calcium content is 0.57%(mass fraction).Dihydrate gypsum whiskers can be produced by the regeneration of hydrochloric acid at a common temperature,and the length-diameter ratio can be over 50.The regenerated hydrochloric acid is returned to leach manganese middlings.The grade of manganese concentrate and calcium content are 52.16%and 收稿日期：2019-04-08 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51674026.51604030.U1802253)北京市自然科学基金面上资助项目(2182040)盐酸法富集低品位锰矿及酸介质高值再生工艺 吕东亚，马保中苣，陈永强，张永禄，王成彦，雷蒙恩 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083 苣通信作者，E-mail: bzhma@126.com 摘    要    针对印度尼西亚某低品位锰矿，提出盐酸法富集与酸介质高值再生的工艺. 借助 X 射线衍射分析，光学显微镜和电 子显微镜等表征方法进行工艺矿物学分析. 结果表明：该锰矿矿物组成简单，主要由方解石、软锰矿和少量菱锰矿、褐铁矿、 高岭石等组成. 筛析结果显示该锰矿粒度越小，锰含量相对越高. 粗碎后以 2 mm 筛孔的筛子过筛可得到锰质量分数 为 33.32% 的锰中矿. 锰中矿盐酸直接浸出的最佳条件为：浸出 pH 3.0、浸出时间 1.5 h、搅拌转速 200 r·min−1、液固比 4∶1 mL·g−1，此条件下产出的锰精矿品位为 54.50%，钙质量分数为 0.57%. 常温下盐酸再生可产出二水硫酸钙晶须，其长径比 可达 50 以上. 再生盐酸返回浸出锰中矿，产出的锰精矿品位为 52.16%，钙质量分数为 1.39%，验证了该工艺流程的可行性. X 射线衍射分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析结果显示产出的锰精矿主要组成成分为软锰矿，杂质为少量褐铁矿、高岭石等. 酸介 质循环时杂质将逐渐积累，当镁离子质量浓度积累到 96.74 g·L−1 时，采用水解沉淀法进行除杂. 关键词    低品位锰矿；盐酸法；富集；酸介质再生；硫酸钙晶须 分类号    TD981 Beneficiation of low-grade manganese ore by hydrochloric acid leaching and high￾value regeneration of acid medium LÜ Dong-ya，MA Bao-zhong苣 ，CHEN Yong-qiang，ZHANG Yong-lu，WANG Cheng-yan，LEI Meng-en School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 苣 Corresponding author, E-mail: bzhma@126.com ABSTRACT    Nowadays, the high-grade manganese ore resources available in the world are run out gradually, while the demand for manganese is increasing; therefore, it is of great significance to research how to exploit and utilize abundant low-grade manganese ore resources economically and effectively. Aiming at the low-grade manganese ore in Indonesia, the process of beneficiating manganese ore by hydrochloric acid leaching and high-value regeneration of acid medium was proposed in this paper. Process mineralogy analyses were performed using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and electron microscopy. The results show that the mineral composition mainly contains calcite and pyrolusite, followed by a small amount of pyrolusite, limonite, and kaolinite. The results of sieve analyses demonstrate that the manganese content in the manganese ore increases with the decrease of particle size. After coarse crushing, manganese middlings with manganese content of 33.32% (mass fraction) can be obtained by screening at 2 mm. The optimum conditions for leaching manganese middlings directly by hydrochloric acid are as follows: leaching pH is 3.0, leaching time is 1.5 h, rotating speed of agitator is 200 r·min−1, and liquid-solid ratio is 4∶1 mL·g−1. The grade of manganese concentrates obtained under the optimum conditions is 54.50% (mass fraction), and the calcium content is 0.57% (mass fraction). Dihydrate gypsum whiskers can be produced by the regeneration of hydrochloric acid at a common temperature, and the length-diameter ratio can be over 50. The regenerated hydrochloric acid is returned to leach manganese middlings. The grade of manganese concentrate and calcium content are 52.16% and 收稿日期: 2019−04−08 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目 (51674026，51604030，U1802253)；北京市自然科学基金面上资助项目 (2182040) 工程科学学报，第 42 卷，第 5 期：578−585，2020 年 5 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 42, No. 5: 578−585, May 2020 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.04.08.002; http://cje.ustb.edu.cn