1. Morphemes(词素 The morpheme is the minimum or smallest grammatical unit, also the smallest meaningful element of speech. Morphemes fall into two categories; free morphemes(自由词素) and bound morphemes(粘附 词素) Free morphemes: a free morpheme has a complete meaning and can stand by itself as a simple word. It can sometimes act as a complete utterance in connected speech. I see examples on Page 21 Bound morphemes: bound morphemes are mostly affixes. They are also meaningful, but the meaning is not complete in itself unless it is attached to some other form. Therefore, a bound morpheme cannot stand by itself: it only exists as an inflectional(曲折变化的)or derivational(派生的)aix. Isee examples on Pages2-3] Allomorphs(词素变体): the same morpheme in different contexts may take different phonological(语音的) or orthographical(拼写的) forms. The variants of the same morpheme are called allomorphs.[see examples on Page 31. Morphemes(词素) • The morpheme is the minimum or smallest grammatical unit, also the smallest meaningful element of speech. Morphemes fall into two categories: free morphemes (自由词素) and bound morphemes (粘附 词素). • Free morphemes: a free morpheme has a complete meaning and can stand by itself as a simple word. It can sometimes act as a complete utterance in connected speech. [see examples on Page 2] • Bound morphemes: bound morphemes are mostly affixes. They are also meaningful, but the meaning is not complete in itself unless it is attached to some other form. Therefore, a bound morpheme cannot stand by itself: it only exists as an inflectional(曲折变化的) or derivational(派生的) affix. [see examples on Pages 2-3] • Allomorphs(词素变体): the same morpheme in different contexts may take different phonological(语音的) or orthographical(拼写的) forms. The variants of the same morpheme are called “allomorphs”.[see examples on Page 3]