xviii ABBREVIATIONS AND DATA NOTES GBA Global Banking Alliance for Women GDP gross domestic product GEME Gender Equity Model Egypt HDI Human Development Index HIV human immunodeficiency virus 12D2 International Income Distribution Database ICRW International Center for the Research on Women ICT information and communications technology IFC International Finance Corporation ILO International Labor Organization ITES information technology enabled service ITU International Telecommunications Union JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency KCP Knowledge for Change Program LABORSTA International Labour Organization Bureau of Statistics database LAC Latin America and the Caribbean Region LFPRs labor force participation rates MCC Millennium Challenge Corporation MDGs Millennium Development Goals MNA Middle East and North Africa Region MHHH male-headed households MMR maternal mortality rate MTUS Multinational Time Use Study NAALC North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement NGO nongovernmental organization NHO Neeringslivets Hovedorganisasjon(Confederation of Norwegian Enterprises) NORAD Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation NSS national statistical systems OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD-DAC Gendernet Development Assistance Committee's Network on Gender Equality of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development PEKKA Pemberdayaan Perempuan Kepala Keluarga(Female-Headed Households Empowerment Program) PETT Proyecto Especial de Titulacion de Tierras(Special Land Titling Project) PISA Program for International Student Assessment PROBECAT Programa de Becas de Capacitacion para Trabajadores(Labor Retraining Scholarship Program) REFLEX Research into Employment and Professional Flexibility database RIGA Rural Income Generating Activities database ROSCAs rotating savings and credit associations SADC Southern African Development Community SAR South Asia Region SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation SERNAM Servicio Nacional de la Mujer(National Women's Service) SEWA Self-employed Women's Association SIDA Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency SMEs small and medium enterprisesxviii ABBREVIATIONS AND DATA NOTES GBA Global Banking Alliance for Women GDP gross domestic product GEME Gender Equity Model Egypt HDI Human Development Index HIV human immunodefi ciency virus I2D2 International Income Distribution Database ICRW International Center for the Research on Women ICT information and communications technology IFC International Finance Corporation ILO International Labor Organization ITES information technology enabled service ITU International Telecommunications Union JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency KCP Knowledge for Change Program LABORSTA International Labour Organization Bureau of Statistics database LAC Latin America and the Caribbean Region LFPRs labor force participation rates MCC Millennium Challenge Corporation MDGs Millennium Development Goals MNA Middle East and North Africa Region MHHH male-headed households MMR maternal mortality rate MTUS Multinational Time Use Study NAALC North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement NGO nongovernmental organization NHO Næringslivets Hovedorganisasjon (Confederation of Norwegian Enterprises) NORAD Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation NSS national statistical systems OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD-DAC Gendernet Development Assistance Committee’s Network on Gender Equality of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development PEKKA Pemberdayaan Perempuan Kepala Keluarga (Female-Headed Households Empowerment Program) PETT Proyecto Especial de Titulación de Tierras (Special Land Titling Project) PISA Program for International Student Assessment PROBECAT Programa de Becas de Capacitación para Trabajadores (Labor Retraining Scholarship Program) REFLEX Research into Employment and Professional Flexibility database RIGA Rural Income Generating Activities database ROSCAs rotating savings and credit associations SADC Southern African Development Community SAR South Asia Region SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation SERNAM Servicio Nacional de la Mujer (National Women’s Service) SEWA Self-employed Women’s Association SIDA Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency SMEs small and medium enterprises