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工程科学学报.第42卷,第11期:1449-1456.2020年11月 Chinese Journal of Engineering,Vol.42,No.11:1449-1456,November 2020 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.11.15.003;http://cje.ustb.edu.cn 裂隙性储层水平井起裂行为的控制 王志荣⑧,宋沛,温震洋,陈玲霞 郑州大学水利科学与工程学院.郑州450001 ☒通信作者,E-mail:wangzhirong513@sina.com 摘要针对裂隙性储层水力压裂行为中出现的围岩维护、增透效率与地下水害防治等实际问题,本文对多场多相耦合作用 下起裂压力控制机制,以及压裂性评价展开了深人研究.首先分析了射孔集中力对原始应力场的改造作用:其次,考虑压裂 液在储层原生裂隙中的渗透作用:最后,基于断裂力学强度准则建立了水平井起裂压力计算模型.根据模型分析了储层裂隙 场几何参数对起裂压力的控制作用,提出了裂隙场特征参数的概念.研究结果表明,水平井水力压裂是流固多相在射孔应力 场、压裂液渗流场以及储层裂隙场耦合空间内相互作用过程,裂隙场特征参数对起裂压力的大小起着主导控制作用,其中最 大控制因素为储层隙宽,且当储层隙宽在200~700m区间内时,水力压裂对改善其渗透性能才有实际意义,从而解决了裂 隙性储层起裂压力的定量化与压裂性评判问题.经实例计算与对比发现,苏里格气田东区H8段的砂岩储层,起裂压力的理 论值与实测值契合度较高,压裂后的产能也十分理想,从而验证了模型的正确性,可以为水平井压裂施工提供理论依据 关键词水平井:多场多相:裂隙介质;起裂压力:储层隙宽 分类号TE375 Control of fracturing behavior of fractured reservoir under horizontal wells WANG Zhi-rong,SONG Pei,WEN Zhen-yang,CHEN Ling-xia School of Water Conservancy Engineering.Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China Corresponding author,E-mail:wangzhirong513@sina.com ABSTRACT There are many practical engineering problems in the hydraulic fracturing of crack reservoirs,such as the maintenance of wall rock,the efficiency of reservoir's permeability and the prevention of groundwater hazard.In this paper,the control mechanism of fracture pressure under multi-field and multi-phase coupling in horizontal wells and the fracturing evaluation of crack reservoirs were studied deeply to address these issues.Firstly,the transformation effect of the perforation concentration on the original stress field was analyzed.Secondly,the permeability of fracturing fluid in the primary fractures was considered.Finally,based on the strength principle of fracture mechanics,the calculation model of fracture pressure for horizontal wells in the reservoir was established.Furthermore,the influence of the spatial geometric parameters of the fracture field on the initiation pressure was analyzed,and the concept of the characteristic parameters of the fracture field was proposed.The results indicate that the coupling of fluid-solid multiphase in the fields of perforation stress,fracturing fluid permeation and original fracture leads to horizontal well hydraulic fracturing,and the characteristic parameter of fracture field plays a leading role in controlling the initiation pressure.Among them,the biggest controlling factor on initiation pressure is crack width.When the crack width of reservoir is within 200-700 um,hydraulic fracturing has practical signi- ficance for improving reservoir permeability,which solves the problem about the quantification of initiation pressure and the fracturing evaluation in crack reservoirs.By calculating initiation pressure and contrasting to engineering example,it is found that the productivity of the sandstone reservoir is very ideal in the H8 section of the eastern Sulige gas field after hydraulic fracturing,and the theoretical value of fracture initiation pressure is in good agreement with the measured value,which verifies the correctness of the model.These can 收稿日期:2019-11-15 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41272339):河南省自然科学基金资助项目(182300410149)裂隙性储层水平井起裂行为的控制 王志荣苣,宋    沛,温震洋,陈玲霞 郑州大学水利科学与工程学院,郑州 450001 苣通信作者,E-mail:wangzhirong513@sina.com 摘    要    针对裂隙性储层水力压裂行为中出现的围岩维护、增透效率与地下水害防治等实际问题,本文对多场多相耦合作用 下起裂压力控制机制,以及压裂性评价展开了深入研究. 首先分析了射孔集中力对原始应力场的改造作用;其次,考虑压裂 液在储层原生裂隙中的渗透作用;最后,基于断裂力学强度准则建立了水平井起裂压力计算模型. 根据模型分析了储层裂隙 场几何参数对起裂压力的控制作用,提出了裂隙场特征参数的概念. 研究结果表明,水平井水力压裂是流固多相在射孔应力 场、压裂液渗流场以及储层裂隙场耦合空间内相互作用过程,裂隙场特征参数对起裂压力的大小起着主导控制作用,其中最 大控制因素为储层隙宽,且当储层隙宽在 200~700 μm 区间内时,水力压裂对改善其渗透性能才有实际意义,从而解决了裂 隙性储层起裂压力的定量化与压裂性评判问题. 经实例计算与对比发现,苏里格气田东区 H8 段的砂岩储层,起裂压力的理 论值与实测值契合度较高,压裂后的产能也十分理想,从而验证了模型的正确性,可以为水平井压裂施工提供理论依据. 关键词    水平井;多场多相;裂隙介质;起裂压力;储层隙宽 分类号    TE375 Control of fracturing behavior of fractured reservoir under horizontal wells WANG Zhi-rong苣 ,SONG Pei,WEN Zhen-yang,CHEN Ling-xia School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China 苣 Corresponding author, E-mail: wangzhirong513@sina.com ABSTRACT    There are many practical engineering problems in the hydraulic fracturing of crack reservoirs, such as the maintenance of wall rock, the efficiency of reservoir's permeability and the prevention of groundwater hazard. In this paper, the control mechanism of fracture pressure under multi-field and multi-phase coupling in horizontal wells and the fracturing evaluation of crack reservoirs were studied deeply to address these issues. Firstly, the transformation effect of the perforation concentration on the original stress field was analyzed. Secondly, the permeability of fracturing fluid in the primary fractures was considered. Finally, based on the strength principle of fracture mechanics, the calculation model of fracture pressure for horizontal wells in the reservoir was established. Furthermore, the influence  of  the  spatial  geometric  parameters  of  the  fracture  field  on  the  initiation  pressure  was  analyzed,  and  the  concept  of  the characteristic parameters of the fracture field was proposed. The results indicate that the coupling of fluid-solid multiphase in the fields of perforation stress, fracturing fluid permeation and original fracture leads to horizontal well hydraulic fracturing, and the characteristic parameter  of  fracture  field  plays  a  leading  role  in  controlling  the  initiation  pressure.  Among  them,  the  biggest  controlling  factor  on initiation  pressure  is  crack  width.  When  the  crack  width  of  reservoir  is  within  200 –700  μm,  hydraulic  fracturing  has  practical  signi￾ficance for improving reservoir permeability, which solves the problem about the quantification of initiation pressure and the fracturing evaluation in crack reservoirs. By calculating initiation pressure and contrasting to engineering example, it is found that the productivity of the sandstone reservoir is very ideal in the H8 section of the eastern Sulige gas field after hydraulic fracturing, and the theoretical value of fracture initiation pressure is in good agreement with the measured value, which verifies the correctness of the model. These can 收稿日期: 2019−11−15 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41272339);河南省自然科学基金资助项目(182300410149) 工程科学学报,第 42 卷,第 11 期:1449−1456,2020 年 11 月 Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 42, No. 11: 1449−1456, November 2020 https://doi.org/10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.11.15.003; http://cje.ustb.edu.cn
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