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D0L:10.13374f.issn1001-053x.2012.02.002 第34卷第2期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.34 No.2 2012年2月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Feb.2012 定向凝固研究易切削钢中硫化物的生成行为 夏云进2)王福明2)四李长荣引王金龙2吴朝昀2) 1)北京科技大学治金与生态工程学院,北京1000832)北京科技大学生态与循环治金教育部重点实验室,北京100083 3)北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083 区通信作者,E-mail::fumingwang4@ustb.cdu.cm 摘要通过定向凝固实验研究了易切削钢中硫化物的生成过程,并建立了枝晶臂间距、硫化物的平均直径与凝固条件之间 的关系.实验结果表明:随着温度梯度和拉速的增大,MS的平均直径减小,数量增多:定向凝固过程中硫化物的完全析出温 度大约在固相线温度下100℃左右,MS形态的改变,主要受其组成元素的活度影啊,即MnS形态的改变受其界面自由能的 影响:对定向凝固实验中钢的枝晶臂间距、硫化物的平均直径与凝固条件的关系进行了拟合,拟合结果与前人研究结果相 吻合, 关键词易切削钢:夹杂物;硫化锰:枝晶;定向凝固 分类号TF701.3 Study on the formation behavior of sulfides in free-cutting steel by unidirectional solidification XIA Yun-jin'.WANG Fu-ming),LI Chang-rong,WANG Jin-long),WU Zhao-yun'. 1)School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering.University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2)Key Lab of the Ministry of Education of China for Ecologic Recycle Metallurgy.University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083 China 3)School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083.China Corresponding author.E-mail:fumingwang+@ustb.edu.cn ABSTRACT The formation behavior of sulfides in free-eutting steel was investigated under unidirectional solidification.The relations of the dendrite arm spacing and sulfides'average diameter to solidification conditions were established.Experimental results show that the average diameter of MnS inclusions decreases with increasing temperature gradient around the solid/liquid zone and casting speed, but the number of MnS inclusions increases.The complete precipitation temperature of MnS is about 100C lower than the solidus tem- perature.The morphological changes of MnS are mainly effected by the activities of constituent elements,in other words,they are mainly influenced by interfacial energy.The relations of the dendrite arm spacing and sulfides'average diameter to solidification condi- tions were regressed,and the regression results are basically in agreement with the ones of previous researchers. KEY WORDS free-cutting steel;inclusions:manganese sulfide:dendrites:unidirectional solidification 含硫易切削钢的切削性能依赖于钢材内部的硫分布,存在于铝高且含有少量残铝的钢中.后来追 化物生成状况,硫化物的大小、形态和分布对钢的性 加了第四类一树枝状.Oikawa等研究了合金元 能有着显著的影响,Sims和Dahle最早对钢铁铸 素对硫化物形态的影响,并对Mns进行了分类:(1) 造组织中MS进行了研究,并将其分为三类:(1)球球形(第I类),由偏品反应形成的:(2)棒状或树枝 形,无规则分布,夹杂物为单相或两相,存在于不用 状(第Ⅱ类),由共晶反应形成的:(3)不规则形状 铝脱氧的钢中:(2)微小条形,沿晶界分布,存在于(第Ⅲ类),由伪共品反应生成.在中硫易切削钢中 用少量铝脱氧的钢中:(3)多面体形,块状,无规则 存在着大量的第Ⅱ类棒状MnS,分布不均匀,并在轧 收稿日期:2010-1102 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51174020):北京市教育委员会共建项目专项资助课题第 34 卷 第 2 期 2012 年 2 月 北京科技大学学报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol. 34 No. 2 Feb. 2012 定向凝固研究易切削钢中硫化物的生成行为 夏云进1,2) 王福明1,2) 李长荣3) 王金龙1,2) 吴朝昀1,2) 1) 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京 100083 2) 北京科技大学生态与循环冶金教育部重点实验室,北京 100083 3) 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京 100083 通信作者,E-mail: fumingwang4@ ustb. edu. cn 摘 要 通过定向凝固实验研究了易切削钢中硫化物的生成过程,并建立了枝晶臂间距、硫化物的平均直径与凝固条件之间 的关系. 实验结果表明: 随着温度梯度和拉速的增大,MnS 的平均直径减小,数量增多; 定向凝固过程中硫化物的完全析出温 度大约在固相线温度下 100 ℃左右,MnS 形态的改变,主要受其组成元素的活度影响,即 MnS 形态的改变受其界面自由能的 影响; 对定向凝固实验中钢的枝晶臂间距、硫化物的平均直径与凝固条件的关系进行了拟合,拟合结果与前人研究结果相 吻合. 关键词 易切削钢; 夹杂物; 硫化锰; 枝晶; 定向凝固 分类号 TF701. 3 Study on the formation behavior of sulfides in free-cutting steel by unidirectional solidification XIA Yun-jin1,2) ,WANG Fu-ming1,2) ,LI Chang-rong3) ,WANG Jin-long1,2) ,WU Zhao-yun1,2) 1) School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2) Key Lab of the Ministry of Education of China for Ecologic & Recycle Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083, China 3) School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China Corresponding author,E-mail: fumingwang4@ ustb. edu. cn ABSTRACT The formation behavior of sulfides in free-cutting steel was investigated under unidirectional solidification. The relations of the dendrite arm spacing and sulfides’average diameter to solidification conditions were established. Experimental results show that the average diameter of MnS inclusions decreases with increasing temperature gradient around the solid /liquid zone and casting speed, but the number of MnS inclusions increases. The complete precipitation temperature of MnS is about 100 ℃ lower than the solidus tem￾perature. The morphological changes of MnS are mainly effected by the activities of constituent elements,in other words,they are mainly influenced by interfacial energy. The relations of the dendrite arm spacing and sulfides’average diameter to solidification condi￾tions were regressed,and the regression results are basically in agreement with the ones of previous researchers. KEY WORDS free-cutting steel; inclusions; manganese sulfide; dendrites; unidirectional solidification 收稿日期: 2010--11--02 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目( 51174020) ; 北京市教育委员会共建项目专项资助课题 含硫易切削钢的切削性能依赖于钢材内部的硫 化物生成状况,硫化物的大小、形态和分布对钢的性 能有着显著的影响,Sims 和 Dahle [1]最早对钢铁铸 造组织中 MnS 进行了研究,并将其分为三类: ( 1) 球 形,无规则分布,夹杂物为单相或两相,存在于不用 铝脱氧的钢中; ( 2) 微小条形,沿晶界分布,存在于 用少量铝脱氧的钢中; ( 3) 多面体形,块状,无规则 分布,存在于铝高且含有少量残铝的钢中. 后来追 加了第四类———树枝状. Oikawa 等[2]研究了合金元 素对硫化物形态的影响,并对 MnS 进行了分类: ( 1) 球形( 第Ⅰ类) ,由偏晶反应形成的; ( 2) 棒状或树枝 状( 第Ⅱ类) ,由共晶反应形成的; ( 3) 不规则形状 ( 第Ⅲ类) ,由伪共晶反应生成. 在中硫易切削钢中 存在着大量的第Ⅱ类棒状 MnS,分布不均匀,并在轧 DOI:10.13374/j.issn1001-053x.2012.02.002
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