第1期 闫晓辉等:细胞膜通道与同步辐射 Cell membrane and synchrotron radiation YAN Xiaohui,2 TIAN Liang,2 ZHANG Xinyi,3 I(Physics Department, Fudan University Shanghai 200433) 2 (Synchrotron Radiation Research Center: Fudan University shanghai 200433) 3 (National Key Lab ofSurface Physics, Fudan Universiry shanghai 200433) Abstract For long time a lot of scientists have devoted to study how matter, such as water molecules and k', Nat, Ca2+, Cl-ions, move through cell membranes and complete the matter exchange between the inside and outside of cells. Peter Agre discovered and characterized the first water channel protein in 1988 and Roderick MacK innon elucid ated the structural and me chanistic basis for ion channel function in 1998. These achievements have made it possible for us to"see these exquisitely designed mo lecu lar machines in action at the atomic level. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2003 is shared between these two scientists In deter mining the high resolution 3D structure of these channels, the synchrotron X-ray diffraction plays an important role Key words Synchrotron radiation, Water channel, Potassium ion channel, Three-dimensional structure, Membrane CLCQ71,O434.19第 1 期 闫晓辉等：细胞膜通道与同步辐射 9 Cell membrane and synchrotron radiation YAN Xiaohui1,2 TIAN Liang1,2 ZHANG Xinyi1,2,3 1（Physics Department, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433） 2（Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Fudan University, shanghai 200433） 3（National Key Lab of Surface Physics, Fudan University, shanghai 200433） Abstract For long time a lot of scientists have devoted to study how matter, such as water molecules and K+ , Na + , Ca2 + , Cl − ions, move through cell membranes and complete the matter exchange between the inside and outside of cells. Peter Agre discovered and characterized the first water channel protein in 1988 and Roderick MacKinnon elucidated the structural and mechanistic basis for ion channel function in 1998. These achievements have made it possible for us to “see” these exquisitely designed molecular machines in action at the atomic level. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2003 is shared between these two scientists. In determining the high resolution 3D structure of these channels, the synchrotron X-ray diffraction plays an important role. Key words Synchrotron radiation, Water channel, Potassium ion channel, Three-dimensional structure, Membrane protein CLC Q71, O434.19