23.9 Crossed Aldol Condensations 23.10 Planning Syntheses Using Aldol Condensations 23.11 The Claisen Ester Condensation 23.12 The Dieckmann Condensation:A Claisen Cyclization 23.13 Crossed Claisen Condensations 23.14 Syntheses Using B-Dicarbonyl Compounds 23.15 The Malonic Ester Synthesis 23.16 The Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis 23.17 Conjugate Additions:The Michael Reaction 教学要求： 掌握以下教学纳容：Aldol condensation,.Conjugate addition toa,B-unsaturated carbonyl compounds.,Robinson annulation,Preparation of B-Keto Esters,Claisen condensation,Dieckmann cyclization,Mixed Claisen condensations,Acylation of ketones,Enol isomers,Hydrolysis Decarboxylation,Saponification,Michael addition (二十四)Special topics::biomolecules Chapter24 Carbohydrates4学时 主要内容： 24.1 Introduction 24.2 Classification of Carbohydrates 24.3 Monosaccharides 24.4 Erythro and Threo Diastereomers 24.5 Epimers 24.6 Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides 24.7 Anomers of Monosaccharides;Mutarotation 24.8 Reactions of Monosaccharides:Side Reactions in Base 24.9 Reduction of Monosaccharides 24.10 Oxidation of Monosaccharides:Reducing Sugars 24.11 Nonreducing Sugars:Formation of Glycosides 24.12 Ether and Ester Formation 24.13 Reactions with Phenylhydrazine:Osazone Formation 24.14 Chain Shortening:The Ruff Degradation 24.15 Chain Lengthening:The Kiliani-Fischer Synthesis 24.16 Fischer's Proof of the Configuration of Glucose 24.17 Determination of Ring Size;Periodic Acid Cleavage of Sugars 24.18 Disaccharides 24.19 Polysaccharides23.9 Crossed Aldol Condensations 23.10 Planning Syntheses Using Aldol Condensations 23.11 The Claisen Ester Condensation 23.12 The Dieckmann Condensation: A Claisen Cyclization 23.13 Crossed Claisen Condensations 23.14 Syntheses Using β -Dicarbonyl Compounds 23.15 The Malonic Ester Synthesis 23.16 The Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis 23.17 Conjugate Additions: The Michael Reaction 教学要求： 掌握以下教学内容：Aldol condensation, Conjugate addition to α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, Robinson annulation, Preparation of β-Keto Esters, Claisen condensation, Dieckmann cyclization, Mixed Claisen condensations, Acylation of ketones, Enol isomers, Hydrolysis, Decarboxylation, Saponification, Michael addition. （二十四）Special topics: biomolecules Chapter 24 Carbohydrates 4 学时 主要内容： 24.1 Introduction 24.2 Classification of Carbohydrates 24.3 Monosaccharides 24.4 Erythro and Threo Diastereomers 24.5 Epimers 24.6 Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides 24.7 Anomers of Monosaccharides; Mutarotation 24.8 Reactions of Monosaccharides: Side Reactions in Base 24.9 Reduction of Monosaccharides 24.10 Oxidation of Monosaccharides; Reducing Sugars 24.11 Nonreducing Sugars: Formation of Glycosides 24.12 Ether and Ester Formation 24.13 Reactions with Phenylhydrazine: Osazone Formation 24.14 Chain Shortening: The Ruff Degradation 24.15 Chain Lengthening: The Kiliani-Fischer Synthesis 24.16 Fischer’s Proof of the Configuration of Glucose 24.17 Determination of Ring Size; Periodic Acid Cleavage of Sugars 24.18 Disaccharides 24.19 Polysaccharides