3.1 Introduction (a)before cracking after cracking (a) 2 1 21 12 (b) (b) (c) (d) T 2 M M+dM M+dM Anchoring os+dos os+dos Local bond: bond:ensure the dx improve energy concerted action dissipation of concrete and 目土本工程幸院 capacity of reinforcement concrete 5 3.1 Introduction before cracking after cracking Local bond: improve energy dissipation capacity of concrete Anchoring bond: ensure the concerted action of concrete and reinforcement