D01:10.13374.isml00103x.2009.06.23 第31卷第6期 北京科技大学学报 Vol.31 No.6 2009年6月 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Jum.2009 脉冲磁场技术在高矫顽力稀土永磁测量领域的应用 林安利2) 贺建)张跃)John Dudding 1)北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院。北京100832)中国计量科学研究院磁性测量实验室，北京100013 3)Hirst Magnetic Instruments Ltd.,Falmouth T R11 4SN. 摘要简述了超高矫顽力永磁体测量现状，分析了静态磁滞回线仪在测量高矫顽力永磁体时存在的问题及其原因.为解决 此问题，采用“一2”原理建立了基于脉冲磁场技术的高矫顽力永磁测量装置，该装置能产生最高8756kA·m的测量磁场，能 够测量高矫顽力水磁体的整个磁滞回线.阐述了该脉冲磁场测量装置的优势、组成结构以及涡流修正方法.经过实验验证， 该系统具有良好的测量重复性.与国家永磁标准测量装置的对比结果显示：在低矫顽力范围内两者剩磁B。内禀矫顾力H小 磁感应强度矫顽力HB和最大磁能积(B)m四个参数的测量偏差在1%以内：在高矫顽力范围，该装置解决了静态磁滞回线 仪测量曲线变形的问题 关键词脉冲磁场：稀土永磁：高矫顽力：磁性测量：退磁曲线 分类号TB972 Application of pulsed field technique to magnetic property measurements of rare earth based hard magnetic materials with high coercivity LIN An-li,HE Jian2,ZHANG Y ue,Joln Dudding 1)School of Materials Science and Technology.Uriversity of Science and Techmology Beijng.Beijing 100083.Chim 2)Magnetic Materials Testing Laboratory,National Institute of Metrobgy,Beijing 100013.China 3)Hirst Magnet ic Instruments Ltd..Falmouth T RI1 4SN.UK ABSTRACT An inherent problem w as introduced when measuring the magnetic properties of high coercivity hard magnetic materials w ith an existent static BH tracer (hy steresisograph)and the reason why the problem happens was discussed.To deal with the prob lem a pulsed field magnetometer (PFM)system based on the f2f method,which oould generates 8756kA'm magnetic field,was designed and applied to measure the w hole hysteresis loop of high coercivity hard magnetic materials.The technical advantages,struc- ture and eddy current effect correction of the system were also introduced.It can be approved,fmm a large quantity of measurement results,that the long term repeatability of the system is very good.The deviation of magnetic properties,i.e.remanence B intrin sic coercivity H.magnetic flux density coercivity Hs.and maximum energy product (BH)x measured with a PFM compared w ith that measured with a national standard static BH tracer is within 1%for low coereivity hard magnets For high coercivity hard magnets the system could measure the whole hysteresis loop and solve the high coercivity problem that a static BH tracer could not avoid. KEY WORDS pulsed field;rare earth hard magnetic materials;high coercivity:magnetic measurement demagnetizing curve 目前国内外永磁材料测量存在的问题之一是当 1992在永磁材料测量方法中推荐的闭磁路磁化装 永磁体内禀矫顽力H。比较大时不能进行测量或测 置为电磁铁，电磁铁的极头建议采用饱和磁极化强 量存在较大误差.主要原因是国际电工委员会标 度高、磁导率高的软磁材料，并且要求测量过程中极 准IEC60404-5以及中国国家标准GB/T3217一 头中的磁通密度应比其饱和磁通密度低得多，以保 收稿日期：200807-07 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(Na10876001):北京市自然科学基金资助项目(No.2082015):国际交流与合作资助项目(Na. 50620120439,Na2006DFB51000) 作者简介：林安利(1964一)，男，高级工程师，博士研究生：张跃(158一），男，教授，博士生导师，上maik zhangy ue@sb.edu.cm脉冲磁场技术在高矫顽力稀土永磁测量领域的应用 林安利1, 2) 贺 建2) 张 跃1) John Dudding 3) 1) 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 北京 100083 2) 中国计量科学研究院磁性测量实验室, 北京 100013 3) Hirst Magnetic Instruments Ltd., Falmouth T R11 4SN, 英国 摘 要 简述了超高矫顽力永磁体测量现状, 分析了静态磁滞回线仪在测量高矫顽力永磁体时存在的问题及其原因.为解决 此问题, 采用“f -2f”原理建立了基于脉冲磁场技术的高矫顽力永磁测量装置, 该装置能产生最高 8 756 kA·m -1的测量磁场, 能 够测量高矫顽力永磁体的整个磁滞回线.阐述了该脉冲磁场测量装置的优势、组成结构以及涡流修正方法.经过实验验证, 该系统具有良好的测量重复性.与国家永磁标准测量装置的对比结果显示:在低矫顽力范围内两者剩磁 B r、内禀矫顽力 HcJ、 磁感应强度矫顽力 HcB和最大磁能积( BH) max四个参数的测量偏差在 1 %以内;在高矫顽力范围, 该装置解决了静态磁滞回线 仪测量曲线变形的问题. 关键词 脉冲磁场;稀土永磁;高矫顽力;磁性测量;退磁曲线 分类号 TB972 Application of pulsed field technique to magnetic property measurements of rare earth based hard magnetic materials with high coercivity LIN An-li 1, 2) , HE J ian 2) , ZHANG Y ue 1) , John Dudding 3) 1) School of Mat erials Science and Technology, Uni versit y of Science and Tech nology Beijing, Beijing 100083, C hina 2) Magnetic Mat erials Testing Laborat ory, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100013, China 3) Hirst Magnetic Instruments Ltd., Falmouth T R11 4SN, UK ABSTRACT An inherent problem w as introduced when measuring the magnetic properties of high coercivity hard magnetic ma terials w ith an existent static BH tracer ( hy steresisog raph) and the reaso n w hy the problem happens was discussed.To deal with the prob￾lem a pulsed field magnetometer ( PFM) sy stem based on the f-2f method, w hich could generates 8 756 kA·m -1 mag netic field, w as designed and applied to measure the w ho le hysteresis loop of high coercivity hard mag netic materials.The technical advantag es, struc￾ture and eddy current effect correction of the system were also introduced.It can be approved, f rom a large quantity of measurement results, that the lo ng term repeatability o f the system is v ery g oo d.The deviation of mag netic properties, i .e.remanence B r, intrin￾sic coer civity HcJ, mag netic flux density coercivity HcB, and maximum energ y product ( BH) max, measured with a PFM compared w ith tha t measured w ith a national standard static BH tracer is within 1 % fo r low coercivity hard mag nets.For high coercivity hard mag nets the system could measure the w hole hy steresis loop and solve the high coercivity problem that a static BH tracer could no t avoid. KEY WORDS pulsed field ;rare earth hard mag netic ma terials ;high coercivity ;magnetic measurement;demag netizing curve 收稿日期:2008-07-07 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目( No.10876001 ) ;北京市自然科学基金资助项目( No .2082015) ;国际交流与合作资助项目 ( No . 50620120439, No.2006DFB51000) 作者简介:林安利( 1964—) , 男, 高级工程师, 博士研究生;张 跃( 1958—) , 男, 教授, 博士生导师, E-mail:zhangyue @ustb.edu.cn 目前国内外永磁材料测量存在的问题之一是当 永磁体内禀矫顽力 HcJ比较大时不能进行测量或测 量存在较大误差[ 1] .主要原因是国际电工委员会标 准IEC 60404-5 以及中国国家标准 GB/ T 3217 — 1992 在永磁材料测量方法中推荐的闭磁路磁化装 置为电磁铁, 电磁铁的极头建议采用饱和磁极化强 度高、磁导率高的软磁材料, 并且要求测量过程中极 头中的磁通密度应比其饱和磁通密度低得多, 以保 第 31 卷 第 6 期 2009 年 6 月 北 京 科 技 大 学 学 报 Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol .31 No.6 Jun.2009 DOI :10.13374/j .issn1001 -053x.2009.06.023