“美国文明史”结业论文(2013年春通识教育课) 郑和下西洋与哥伦布航海的比较 张晓航(7111209012安泰经济与管理学院2011级， 华东师范大学交流生) 中文摘要：郑和下西洋没有后继者，没有使中国更加开放、更加富强，而晚于郑 和近百年的哥伦布远洋探险航行却揭开了西欧殖民扩张和资本主义大发展的序 幕。这两者之间究竞有着怎样的区别和联系？是什么原因导致了两次航海的发生 和结果？学术界对此早有过各种见解和理论。本文从作者自身观点出发，着重对 比这二者之间的异同，分析比较各自的目的和影响。 关键词：郑和下西洋；哥伦布航海：目的：影响 The comparison of Columbus's exploration and Zheng He's trip to“The Western Ocean” Abstract:Zheng He's voyages to Western Ocean ended with no successor and hadn't made China more open to the world,more abundant or stronger, while the expeditions made by Columbus,though nearly 100 years later than Zheng He's voyages,preluded western Europe's colonial expansion and the great development of capitalism.What are the differences and relationships between the two things?What are reasons that caused the voyages?The questions have long been discussed in academic circles.From my own view,this article mainly contrasts similarities and differences of them,compares their respective purposes and effects. Key Words:Zheng He's trip to "The Western Ocean";Columbus's voyage; purpose;effect 一、基本背景介绍 郑和下西洋是中国古代乃至世界史上最引人注日的航海活动之一。1405年7 月11日郑和率领二百四十多海船、二万七千四百名船员的庞大船队远航，拜访了 30多个在西太平洋和印度洋的国家和地区，加深了明王朝和南海（今东南亚）、 1“美国文明史”结业论文（2013 年春 通识教育课） 1 郑和下西洋与哥伦布航海的比较 张晓航 (7111209012 安泰经济与管理学院 2011 级， 华东师范大学交流生) 中文摘要：郑和下西洋没有后继者, 没有使中国更加开放、更加富强，而晚于郑 和近百年的哥伦布远洋探险航行却揭开了西欧殖民扩张和资本主义大发展的序 幕。这两者之间究竟有着怎样的区别和联系？是什么原因导致了两次航海的发生 和结果？学术界对此早有过各种见解和理论。本文从作者自身观点出发，着重对 比这二者之间的异同，分析比较各自的目的和影响。 关键词：郑和下西洋；哥伦布航海；目的；影响 The comparison of Columbus’s exploration and Zheng He’s trip to “The Western Ocean” Abstract: Zheng He' s voyages to Western Ocean ended with no successor and hadn't made China more open to the world, more abundant or stronger, while the expeditions made by Columbus, though nearly 100 years later than Zheng He' s voyages, preluded western Europe' s colonial expansion and the great development of capitalism. What are the differences and relationships between the two things? What are reasons that caused the voyages? The questions have long been discussed in academic circles. From my own view, this article mainly contrasts similarities and differences of them, compares their respective purposes and effects. Key Words: Zheng He’s trip to “The Western Ocean”; Columbus’s voyage; purpose; effect 一、 基本背景介绍 郑和下西洋是中国古代乃至世界史上最引人注目的航海活动之一。1405年7 月11日郑和率领二百四十多海船、二万七千四百名船员的庞大船队远航，拜访了 30多个在西太平洋和印度洋的国家和地区，加深了明王朝和南海（今东南亚）